Regional Refined Grid Modeling of Acidic and Mercury Deposition over Northeastern US and the Contribution of New York Power Point Sources

Sedefian, Leon; Ku, Michael; Civerolo, Kevin; Hao, Winston; Zalewsky, Eric

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-57645-9_70

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…On the one hand, it may be related to the rapid reduction in SO 2 and sulfate emissions in many regions (especially in Europe, the United States [US], and China) during recent years, which has resulted in the sharp decline in the observed concentration of sulfate (de Meij et al., 2006; Fedkin et al., 2019; Itahashi et al., 2018; H. Li et al., 2019; McClure & Jaffe, 2018; Sickles & Shadwick, 2015; Xie et al., 2016). On the other hand, considering that the WD of sulfate is derived from cloud formation and has great uncertainty (Breider et al., 2017; Z. Chen et al., 2019; Dentener et al., 2006; Echeverria et al., 2016; Horowitz, 2006; Luo et al., 2020), it also tends to be underestimated in some studies (S. Itahashi, 2018; Sedefian et al., 2016; Vivanco et al., 2017). An analysis of modeling studies suggests that the greatest uncertainty in global sulfur cycling is derived from the WD of aerosol sulfate and the heterogeneous oxidation of SO 2 in clouds and aerosols (Faloona, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement and Uncertainties of Global Simulation of Sulfate Concentration and Radiative Forcing in CESM2

Liu

Shi

et al. 2022

JGR Atmospheres

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Sulfate is one of the major species of aerosol. Both natural sources (such as oxidation of dimethyl sulfur [DMS]) over the ocean and anthropogenic emissions of sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) are important sources of sulfate (Hussain & Lun, 2019;Sanchez et al., 2018;Yan & Xu, 2021). Human industrial activities have increased significantly since the industrial era, and the gas-phase, liquid-phase and surface heterogeneous oxidations of SO 2 have gradually accounted for the main sources of sulfate (B. Liu et al., 2017;Xue et al., 2016). As an important component of atmospheric particulate matter (PM), sulfate at high concentrations will aggravate the formation of haze, thus causing serious air pollution and influencing human health (Sha et al., 2019;B. Zheng et al., 2015;Zhou et al., 2020). Moreover, sulfate is also one of the main species of acid deposition, reducing the pH values of rain droplets and aggravating acid rain (M. Liu et al., 2020;Lu et al., 2015;. At the same time, sulfate is also the main component of cloud condensation nuclei, which affects microphysical processes, including the formation of clouds and precipitation, thus affecting solar radiation and climate (Cziczo et al., 2013). Furthermore, sulfate itself is also one of the key short-lived species that has negative radiative forcing (RF),

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement and Uncertainties of Global Simulation of Sulfate Concentration and Radiative Forcing in CESM2

Liu

Shi

et al. 2022

JGR Atmospheres

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“…On the other hand, considering that the wet deposition of sulfate is derived from cloud formation and has great uncertainty (Breider et al, 2017;Z. Chen et al, 2019;Dentener et al, 2006;Echeverria, Abreu, Gonzalez, Ortega, & Echeverria, 2016;Horowitz, 2006;Luo et al, 2020), it also tends to be underestimated in some studies (S. Itahashi, 2018;Sedefian, Ku, Civerolo, Hao, & Zalewsky, 2016;Vivanco et al, 2017). An analysis of modeling studies suggests that the greatest uncertainty in global sulfur cycling is derived from the wet deposition of aerosol sulfate and the heterogeneous oxidation of SO 2 in clouds and aerosols (Faloona, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement and Uncertainties of Global Simulation of Sulfate Concentration and Radiative Forcing in CESM2

Liu

Shi

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Sulfate is a major atmospheric pollutant and radiative forcing (RF) factor that influences air quality, cloud microphysics and climate. Therefore, a better evaluation of sulfate concentrations and RF patterns is essential for policy-making and the management of air pollution and climate change. This study comprehensively estimates the global distribution of sulfate concentrations and RFs and analyzes the sources of uncertainty in the Community Earth System Model version 2 (CESM2) and the Parallel Offline Radiative Transfer (PORT) model. Compared with the observations, the incorporation of detailed in-cloud aqueous-phase chemistry and the enhanced wet deposition flux of sulfate significantly improved the simulations of sulfur species both near the ground and at high altitudes, which is beneficial for a more accurate estimation of the global sulfate RF. The improved simulated RF of sulfate from 1850 to 2015 is -0.382 W.m -2 . This study finds that wet deposition is the key process governing both the horizontal and vertical distributions of sulfate concentrations. The overestimation of surface sulfate and the underestimation of high-altitude sulfate made by the model are essential uncertainty factors of the sulfate RF estimation. This study emphasizes the importance of improving the simulation of global sulfate distribution as well as its RF, which may strongly pressure the near-future warming potential when witnessing a rapid transition to a carbon neutral world that is phasing out fossil fuel. A more accurate assessment of sulfate levels and radiation effects will play a remarkable guiding role in the formulation of global emission reduction-related policies in the future.

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Regional Refined Grid Modeling of Acidic and Mercury Deposition over Northeastern US and the Contribution of New York Power Point Sources

Cited by 2 publications

References 2 publications

Improvement and Uncertainties of Global Simulation of Sulfate Concentration and Radiative Forcing in CESM2

Improvement and Uncertainties of Global Simulation of Sulfate Concentration and Radiative Forcing in CESM2

Improvement and Uncertainties of Global Simulation of Sulfate Concentration and Radiative Forcing in CESM2

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