Registration of Four Postflowering Drought‐Tolerant Grain Sorghum Lines with Early‐Season Cold Tolerance

Abstract

Four sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) germplasm lines-PSLS-SGCTB01 (Reg. No. GP-842, PI 685009), PSLS-SGCTR02 (Reg. No. GP-843, PI 685010), PSLS-SGCTB03 (Reg. No. GP-844, PI 685011), and PSLS-SGCTB04 (Reg. No. GP-845, PI 685012)were developed by the USDA-ARS in Lubbock, TX. The primary purpose for the release of these lines is to provide an alternative germplasm choice with superior early-season cold tolerance stacked with postlowering drought tolerance based on the stay-green trait. The PSLS-SGCTB01 and PSLS-SGCTR02 germplasm lines originated from the plant introduction PI 452605, PSLS-SGCTB03 arose from the plant introduction PI 452808, and PSLS-SGCTB04 arose from the plant introduction PI 452707. Lines derived from selected PI germplasm were evaluated in 2015 and 2016. Comparison of leaf and plant death ratings between BTx642 (staygreen check), SC-1506 (non-stay-green check), and the four developed lines with Ethiopian germplasm were determined for plants under irrigated, prelowering, and postlowering drought treatments. The four lines were also evaluated for inal germination percentages and vigor ratings for ield cold tests performed in 2015 and 2016. For public and private breeders, these new germplasm lines are an additional source for improving abiotic stress tolerance in diverse sorghum production environments. USDA-ARS Plant Stress and Germplasm Development Unit, 3810 4thSt., Lubbock, TX 79415. Mention of a trademark, warranty, proprietary product, or vendor does not constitute a guarantee by the USDA and does not imply approval or recommendation of the product to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer.Abbreviations: DAE, days after emergence; GS, growth stage; HSD, honest signiicant diference; LPD, leaf and plant death ratings.

Sorghum in dryland: morphological, physiological, and molecular responses of sorghum under drought stress

“…For example, sorghum growers in Ethiopia and Burkina Faso indicated that severe drought during post-flowering stages is a major sorghum production constraint (Ouedraogo et al 2017 ; Derese et al 2018 ). Similarly, Burke et al ( 2018 ) reported that drought stress during the post-flowering growth stage had drastic effects on sorghum productivity due to premature plant death and reduced seed size (Burke et al 2018 ). A classical study over a period of 2 years involving 30 sorghum cultivars showed that drought stress during post-flowering stage reduced grain yield by about 50% (Batista et al 2019 ).…”

“…These results suggest that interaction between drought and other abiotic stresses is complex, particularly under natural conditions as it involves several factors. However, the presence of sorghum genotypes that are tolerant to drought and other abiotic stresses (Burke et al 2018 ) indicates the possibility of developing cultivars combining these important traits.…”

“…This indicates that soil silicon amendments can minimize the effects of drought on plant growth and development. Drought stress during post-flowering stage increased susceptibility to charcoal rot and water lodging, as reviewed in Burke et al (2018). The severity of stalk and charcoal rot disease in sorghum plants was lower under drought stress conditions when compared with the case in well-irrigated plants (Kapanigowda et al 2013).…”

“…There is thus a tremendous potential of microbes to explore for inducing drought tolerance for sorghum cultivation. Studies by Carlson et al (2020) have demonstrated that the addition of rhizobacteria to sorghum seedlings induced systemic tolerance to drought by the early activation of signaling hormones such as brassinolides, salicylic acid and jasmonic acid. This study also hinted about the possibility of bacterial ACC deaminase lowering plant ethylene levels through cleaving ACC into α-ketobutyrate and ammonia and promoting plant growth under adverse conditions.…”

Registration of Five Grain Sorghum Lines with Early‐Season Seedling Cold Tolerance

“…Although PSLS‐CTB06, PSLS‐CTR07, PSLS‐CTR08, PSLS‐CTB09, and PSLS‐CTB10 exhibited greater final percentage germination than did the cold‐tolerant controls, none of these lines had germination percentages as good as PSLS‐SGCTB04 (JB15). PSLS‐SGCTB04 (JB15) is a line that we recently released having both cold tolerance and the stay‐green trait (Burke et al, 2018).…”