Regular moderate exercise training can alter the urinary excretion of thiamin and riboflavin

Abstract

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVESPhysical exercise promotes energy producing pathways requiring thiamin and riboflavin as a coenzyme. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of regular exercise training on urinary excretion of thiamin and riboflavin.MATERIALS/METHODSFifty rats were randomly assigned to one of two groups: non-exercise training (NT, n = 25) and regular exercise training (ET, n = 25) for 5 weeks. The rats performed moderate exercise on a treadmill (0.5-0.8 km/hour) for 30 min/day, 5 days/week. Twenty-four hour urine samples were collected at the end of the 0 week, 3rd week, and 5th week of training and thiamin and riboflavin were analyzed.RESULTSNo significant differences in thiamin and riboflavin intakes for each week were observed between the NT and ET groups. Urinary thiamin excretion of each group was the highest at the 5th week compared to the levels at 0 and 3rd week. Urinary thiamin at the 5th week was significantly lower in the ET group than in the NT group. Urinary riboflavin excretion was increased by training duration, however, no difference was observed between NT and ET for each week. At 0 and 3rd week, no significant relationships were observed between dietary intake and urinary excretion of thiamin and riboflavin, however, at the 5th week, urinary excretion was significantly increased by dietary intake only in the NT group (P < 0.05). Thiamin excretion of both NT and ET groups was significantly increased with riboflavin excretion at the 5th week (P < 0.01).CONCLUSIONRegular moderate exercise training increased urinary excretion of thiamin. Dietary intakes and urinary excretions of thiamin and riboflavin showed positive correlation in both the exercise training and non-exercise training groups as the exercise training period went by, while the correlations in the exercise training group were weaker than those in the non-exercise training group. Therefore, regular exercise training can alter the urinary excretion of thiamin and riboflavin in rats.

Complex B Vitamins in Physical Exercise

“…Vitamins mainly from B complex have potential ergogenic effects by adjusting the energetic metabolism of physical activities and improving exercise performance when supplemented [14,15]. This supplementation can be diffused in recreational and competition athletes, and these vitamins are particularly important in the practice of physical exercise because they are involved in the regulation of energy metabolism, modulating the synthesis and degradation of carbohydrates, fats and proteins [16].…”

“…Nearly half of the thiamine in the body is stored in the muscles and thiamine is required for the normal functioning of skeletal and cardiac musculature, so thiamine may be a potentially limiting nutrient in physical activity [14]. Thiamine, also called vitamin B1, is an essential micronutrient and physical activity can affect the vitamin requirement, as well as sex, age and physiological state [15]. The active form of thiamine serves as a cofactor for the critical enzymes involved in glucose metabolism [15].…”

“…Thiamine, also called vitamin B1, is an essential micronutrient and physical activity can affect the vitamin requirement, as well as sex, age and physiological state [15]. The active form of thiamine serves as a cofactor for the critical enzymes involved in glucose metabolism [15]. It functions as a catalyst in the generation of energy through the decarboxylation of branched-chain amino acids and alpha-keto acids and acts as a coenzyme for transketolase reactions in the form of thiamine pyrophosphate [15].…”

“…The active form of thiamine serves as a cofactor for the critical enzymes involved in glucose metabolism [15]. It functions as a catalyst in the generation of energy through the decarboxylation of branched-chain amino acids and alpha-keto acids and acts as a coenzyme for transketolase reactions in the form of thiamine pyrophosphate [15].…”

The effects of exercise training and acute exercise duration on plasma folate and vitamin B12

“…Endurance exercise training resulted in increased plasma free fatty acids and free fatty acid oxidation and reduced glucose oxidation [ 10 ]. The effects of exercise training in increases of body turnover or requirement of several micronutrients including thiamin, riboflavin, and vitamin B 6 have been reported [ 11 12 13 14 ]. However, little information is available on the effects of exercise training and acute physical activity on folate and vitamin B 12 status.…”