Regulation of Avian Leukosis Virus Subgroup J Replication by Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway

Abstract

Wnt/β-catenin signaling is a highly conserved pathway related to a variety of biological processes in different cells. The regulation of replication of various viruses by Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway has been reported. However, the interaction between the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and avian leukosis virus is unknown. In the present study, we investigated the effect of modulating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway during avian leukosis virus subgroup J (ALV-J) infection. The activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway by GSK-3 inhibitor increased ALV-J mRNA, viral protein expression, and virus production in CEF cells. This increase was suppressed by iCRT14, one of the specific inhibitors of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Moreover, treatment with iCRT14 reduced virus titer and viral gene expression significantly in CEF and LMH cells in a dose-dependent manner. Inhibition Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway by knockdown of β-catenin reduced virus proliferation in CEF cells also. Collectively, these results suggested that the status of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway modulated ALV-J replication. These studies extend our understanding of the role of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in ALV-J replication and make a new contribution to understanding the virus–host interactions of avian leukosis virus.

Chicken Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3β Suppresses Innate Immune Responses and Enhances Avian Leukosis Virus Replication in DF-1 Cells

“…For example, the replication of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) was shown to be dependent on GSK3-mediated phosphorylation of nucleocapsid protein (N), which is an essential process for viral replication ( 31 ). Our previous studies demonstrated that GSK3 inhibitors significantly increased the replication of ALV-J in CEF cells ( 32 ). The activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway exerted an inhibitory effect on porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) proliferation by inhibiting the activity of GSK3.…”

Regulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling by Marek’s disease virus in vitro and in vivo

“…The preparation of CEF was referred to previously report ( Qiao et al, 2021 ). Nine-day-old chicken embryos with well-developed blood vessels and regular air chambers were selected.…”

“…As previously reported ( Qiao et al, 2021 ), the expression level of viral genes and target genes was determined by 7,500 Real-Time PCR System (ABI, United States). The sequences of all primers are listed in Table 1 .…”

“…As previously reported ( Qiao et al, 2021 ), the luciferase Top flash plasmid with TCF-4 binding sites was transfected into CEF cells. At 12 h post-transfection, cells were either infected with the RB1B strain, the CVI988 strain, or transfected with the Meq plasmid.…”

Avian Leucosis Virus-Host Interaction: The Involvement of Host Factors in Viral Replication

“…Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is a highly conserved pathway related to a variety of biological processes, the activation of this pathway benefits ALV-J replication. Viral titers were decreased when the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway was inhibited ( 70 ). The chicken telomerase reverse transcriptase (chTERT) might play a regulatory role in the process.…”