Regulation of myelin basic protein in oligodendrocytes by a soluble neuronal factor

Bologa, Liane; Aizenman, Yair; Chiappelli, Francesco; Vellis, Jean de

doi:10.1002/jnr.490150409

Cited by 27 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…It was observed when astrocytes were cocultured with neurons but was not detected in astrocytes cocultured with purified oligodendrocytes, which constitute the other major glial cell type found in the brain. In similar coculture systems, neuronal cell type dependence has also been found for the induction of glutamine synthetase activity, a specific marker of astrocytes (10), and for myelin basic protein synthesis by oligodendrocytes (8).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

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Neuronal modulation of calcium channel activity in cultured rat astrocytes.

Corvalan

Cole

Vellis

et al. 1990

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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The patch-clamp technique was used to study whether cocultivation of neurons and astrocytes modulates the expression of calcium channel activity in astrocytes. Whole-cell patch-clamp recordings from rat brain astrocytes cocultured with rat embryonic neurons revealed two types of voltagedependent inward currents carried by Ca2l and blocked by either Cd2+ or Co2" that otherwise were not detected in purified astrocytes. This expression of calcium channel activity in astrocytes was neuron dependent and was not observed when astrocytes were cocultured with purified oligodendrocytes.Cell-cell interaction in the nervous system has long been considered a major determinant of cell growth and differentiation. Evidence that glial cells play an essential role in neuronal function has supported the concept of neuron-glia interaction as an important element in understanding the dynamics of the nervous system. Glial cells are no longer considered as only buffers of extracellular K+ and neurotransmitters, but also as part of an active molecular interaction with neighboring neurons (1, 2), which ranges from cell growth and differentiation (1, 2) to exchange of molecules and nutrients (1-4).Coculture systems have provided a useful tool to study neuron-glia interactions (2, 5-10). We have used the patchclamp technique to study whether the interactions between neurons and astrocytes established in coculture modulate calcium channel activity in astrocytes. Neuronal modulation of the expression of calcium channel activity would have a profound significance on astrocyte physiology because of the widespread role of calcium in excitability and intracellular signal transduction (11,12).In culture, purified type 1 astrocytes display only K+ outward currents (13). However, calcium currents can be induced when astrocytes are treated with substances that increase the intracellular levels of cAMP (14,15). In this study, we report that in purified astrocytes, calcium current activity can be expressed by cocultivating neurons and astrocytes. It is also shown that this effect is specifically dependent on neuron-astrocyte interactions, since calcium currents are not detected from astrocytes cocultured with oligodendrocytes. MATERIAL AND METHODS

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…Coculture systems have provided a useful tool to study neuron-glia interactions (2,(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10). We have used the patchclamp technique to study whether the interactions between neurons and astrocytes established in coculture modulate calcium channel activity in astrocytes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuronal modulation of calcium channel activity in cultured rat astrocytes.

Corvalan

Cole

Vellis

et al. 1990

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…The enriched population of process-bearing cells shaken off the astrocyte bedlayer is primarily constituted of oligodendrocytes and exhibits very few glial fibrillary acidic proteinpositive cells (31). From the present study and others (19,23) broside, CNPase (31), transferrin (23), and MBP (19,32), has been reported in cultures ofphase-dark process-bearing cells; however, these markers are not always co-localized within the same cell (19,23 Therefore, this hormonal effect on MBP expression is a developmentally restricted phenomenon and differs from GPDH induction, which is inducible throughout the life-span of the animal and cell culture (12).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Differential regulation of oligodendrocyte markers by glucocorticoids: post-transcriptional regulation of both proteolipid protein and myelin basic protein and transcriptional regulation of glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase.

Kumar

Cole²,

Chiappelli³

et al. 1989

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

103

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During neonatal development glucocorticoids potentiate oligodendrocyte differentiation and myelinogenesis by regulating the expes of myelin basic protein, proteolipid protein, and glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase (snglycerol-3-phosphate: NAD' 2-oxidoreductase, EC 1.1.1.8).The actual locus at which hydrocortisone exerts its developmental influence on glal physiology is, however, not well understood. Gycerol phosphate dehydrogenase is glucocorticoid-inducible in oligodendrocytes at all stages of development both in vivo and in vitro. In newborn rat cerebral cultures, between 9 and 15 days in vitro, a 2-to 3-fold increase in myelin basic protein and proteolipid protein mRNA levels occurs in oligodendrocytes within 12 hr of hydrocortisone treatment. Immunotaining demonstrates that this increase in mRNAs is followed by a 2-to 3-fold increase in the protein levels within 24 hr. In vitro transcription assays performed with oligodendrocyte nuclei show an 11-fold increase in the transcriptional activity of glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase in response to hydrocortisone but no increase in transcription of myelin basic protein or proteolipid protein. These results indicate that during early myelinogenesis, glucocorticoids influence the expression of key oligodendroglial markers by different processes: The expression of glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase is regulated at the transcriptional level, whereas the expression of myelin basic protein and proteolipid protein is modulated via a different, yet uncharacterized, mechanism involving posttranscriptional regulation.The expression of glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH; sn-glycerol-3-phosphate: NAD' 2-oxidoreductase, EC 1.1.1.8), myelin basic protein (MBP), and proteolipid protein (PLP) marks the differentiation of oligodendrocytes, the myelinating cells in the central nervous system (1, 2). MBP and PLP are components of the myelin sheath, constituting 30%o and 50%o of the proteins in myelin, respectively. The expression and biosynthesis of MBP and PLP in oligodendrocytes have been shown to be coordinately expressed with the process of myelination (3)(4)(5)(6).Peak expression of GPDH during neonatal development also coincides with the active period of myelination (7,8). Localized in oligodendrocytes (9), GPDH provides glycerol phosphate for the biosynthesis of phosphatides (10), a precursor for membrane components (11). The developmental regulation of GPDH gene expression and its modulation by glucocorticoids in the rat brain and in primary cultures of oligodendrocytes have been well characterized (12).Glucocorticoids and other hormones have been implicated in the stimulation of myelinogenesis (13)(14)(15)(16). During glial differentiation, the expression of 2',3'-cyclic-nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase (CNPase) has been shown to be increased by dexamethasone, a potent glucocorticoid agonist, both in reaggregating (13) and dissociated (14) The ability ofglucocorticoids to influence the developmental expression of genes in the brain correlates highly with the ontogen...

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“…No significant increases in myelin PLP RNA are found within tissues infused with basic FGF, IGF-1, IL-l, or IL-2 (data not shown). godendroglia may be facilitated in vitro by soluble factors obtained from neurons or neuronal cell lines (Bologa et al, 1986;Bottenstein et al, 1988). As reported here, OGF, a protein growth factor secreted by neuronal cell lines (Giulian and Young, 1986), has the ability to stimulate 3 different specific markers for myelin: activity of 2',3'CNPase, synthesis of MBP, and RNA levels of PLP.…”

Section: Isolation and Characterization Of Oligodendroglia Growth Factormentioning

confidence: 64%

A growth factor from neuronal cell lines stimulates myelin protein synthesis in mammalian brain

et al. 1991

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Oligodendroglia growth factor (OGF) is a 16-kDa soluble protein produced by neuronal cell lines. This factor, when incubated with brain glia in culture, selectively stimulates growth of oligodendroglia, the myelin-producing cells of the CNS. OGF infused into the cerebral cortex of the adult rat accelerates the production of myelin proteins as shown by increased specific activity of the myelin enzyme 2′,3′-cyclic nucleotide 3′-phosphohydrolase (2′,3′-CNPase), by stimulated synthesis of myelin basic protein, and by elevations in levels of myelin proteolipid protein RNA. The ability of OGF to induce myelin protein production in vivo suggests that neuron-secreted growth factors help to regulate myelin formation within the CNS.

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Regulation of myelin basic protein in oligodendrocytes by a soluble neuronal factor

Cited by 27 publications

References 28 publications

Neuronal modulation of calcium channel activity in cultured rat astrocytes.

Neuronal modulation of calcium channel activity in cultured rat astrocytes.

Differential regulation of oligodendrocyte markers by glucocorticoids: post-transcriptional regulation of both proteolipid protein and myelin basic protein and transcriptional regulation of glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase.

A growth factor from neuronal cell lines stimulates myelin protein synthesis in mammalian brain

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