Regulation of nutrient uptake by AMP-activated protein kinase

Abstract

AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is the downstream component of a protein kinase cascade that is a key regulator of energy balance at both the cellular and whole-body level. AMPK acts to stimulate ATP production and reduce ATP consumption when cellular ATP levels fall, thereby normalizing energy balance.Given the central role of AMPK in cellular carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, AMPK activation has been proposed to be a therapeutic target for conditions associated with dysfunctional nutrient metabolism including obesity, type 2 diabetes, hepatic steatosis, cardiovascular diseases and cancer. One way by which increased ATP production can be achieved is by increasing the supply of nutrient substrates. In the 1990s, AMPK activation was demonstrated to stimulate glucose uptake in striated muscle, thereby improving substrate supply for ATP production. Subsequently AMPK activation was postulated to underlie the increase in glucose uptake that occurs during muscle contraction. More recently, however, several lines of evidence have demonstrated that AMPK activation is unlikely to be required for contractionmediated glucose uptake. Furthermore, despite the importance of AMPK in cellular and whole-body metabolism, far fewer studies have investigated either the role of AMPK in glucose uptake by non-muscle tissues or whether AMPK regulates the uptake of fatty acids. In the present review, we discuss the role of AMPK in nutrient uptake by tissues, focusing on glucose uptake out with muscle and fatty acid uptake.

Curcumin alleviates hepatic steatosis by improving mitochondrial function in postnatal overfed rats and fatty L02 cells through the SIRT3 pathway

“…Furthermore, AMPK plays a central role in balancing cellular energy metabolism in obesity and other metabolic-related diseases. 77,78 Recent studies have shown that AMPK could increase the expression of SIRT3. 79,80 Therefore, we explored the association between SIRT3 and…”

Metabolic Therapy of Heart Failure: Is There a Future for B Vitamins?

“…Under specific conditions, such as long fasting, the heart resorts to alternative energy producing substrates, including lactate, ketone bodies, and amino acids, especially branched-chain amino acids (BCAA). Cardiomyocytes are thus equipped with a whole range of substrate-specific membrane transporters, the expression of which is modulated according to the cardiac environment [ 26 , 27 ]. As the heart exhibits a low storage ability, they allow the constant entry of these substrates to supply the energy machinery.…”

Importance of Protein Kinase and Its Inhibitor: A Review

“…According to Zhao and Saltiel, activating AMPK in the liver inhibits de novo lipogenesis, promoting fatty acid oxidation (β -oxidation). Furthermore, AMPK activation prevents hepatic steatosis by inhibiting the production of free fatty acids from adipose tissue (Figure 4) [ [37]. Li et al results suggest that AMPK may be used as a clinical therapy for the treatment of cholestatic liver damage.…”