Regulatory challenges of broadband communication services from High Altitude Platforms (HAPs)

Yuniarti, Diah

doi:10.1109/icoiact.2018.8350752

Cited by 20 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Generally, it is typical for unmanned aircraft operators, irrespective of size, to obtain a license from the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) of the country where they intend to operate. The major aim of CAAs is to enforce safety, security and privacy rules [62]- [64]. Despite the increased discussions worldwide, there is no legal specification particularly regulating the operation of HAPs anywhere currently [42], which is hampering the development and deployment of the system.…”

Section: Hap Regulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of wireless communication using high-altitude platforms for extended coverage and capacity

Arum

Grace

Mitchell

2020

Computer Communications

106

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This paper provides an up-to-date review of wireless communications service provisioning in rural or remote areas from High-Altitude Platforms (HAPs) exploiting cellular radio spectrum. With the recent International Telecommunication Union (ITU) report showing that as much as 74% of the population in Africa, most of which are living in rural areas, do not have access to broadband, this paper focuses on the potential of using HAPs as an alternative to terrestrial systems for wireless communication in rural communities. Considering the typically low user densities in rural areas and the importance of HAP coverage maximization while ensuring harmless coexistence with terrestrial systems in rural areas, this paper explores extending the achievable wireless coverage from a HAP. This takes into consideration the coexistence of a HAP with terrestrial systems using intelligent techniques to dynamically manage radio resources and mitigate interference. Studies have shown that efficient intelligent radio resource and topology management can minimize inter-system interference and ensure coexistence with improved system performance. Potential techniques for coverage extension such as exploiting the spatial characteristics of array antennas, radio environment maps (REMs) and deviceto-device (D2D) communications are discussed. Generally, this paper presents a comprehensive review of significant HAP related studies and their outcomes.

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Section: Hap Regulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of wireless communication using high-altitude platforms for extended coverage and capacity

Arum

Grace

Mitchell

2020

Computer Communications

106

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The choice depends on the compromise between the weight and the required data rate. The antenna unit comprises of antenna arrays operating at V-band frequencies (e.g., 47/48 GHz allocated for HAPs by the ITU-R [21]), which are expectedly small in size compared to other components in the ecosystem. A typical implementation of a HAP backhaul network at V-band frequency can therefore integrate the RF, BBU and antenna functionalities in a single unit.…”

Section: Solar-powered Hap Energy Ecosystemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…where m T and g are total mass (including payload) and acceleration due to gravity. Combining (21) and (22), the banking angle α is obtained as follows:…”

Section: Steady Circular Flight With Bankingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Management of Solar-Powered Aircraft-Based High Altitude Platform for Wireless Communications

et al. 2020

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With the increasing interest in wireless communications from solar-powered aircraft-based high altitude platforms (HAPs), it is imperative to assess the feasibility of their deployment in different locations with the constraints on energy consumption and payload weight under consideration. This paper considers the energy management of solar-powered aircraft-based HAPs for wireless communications service provisioning in equatorial regions and regions further up the northern hemisphere. The total solar energy harvested and consumed on the shortest day of the year is analyzed, and it is explained how this determines the feasibility of long endurance, semi-permanent missions. This takes into account the different aircraft-based HAPs and the energy storage systems currently available, and how these can be deployed for wireless communications. We show that the solar-powered HAPs are energy and weight limited, and this depends largely on the platform’s wingspan available for the deployment of solar collectors. Our analysis show that services can be provided for a duration of 15–24 h/day using current platforms, with wingspans ranging between 25–35 m, depending on the configuration and coverage radius. Furthermore, we show that doubling an aircraft’s wingspan can increase its payload capacity by a factor of 6, which in turn enhances its feasibility for wireless communications.

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“…However, the technology has been gaining considerable attention recently due to significant improvements in UAV technology. For example, Airbus succeeded in an almost-one-month flight with its solarpowered UAV, the Zephyr S, in 2018 [6], and Alphabet's Loon completed a 100-day flight with its balloon-type UAV and launched a commercial service in 2020 [7,8]. Furthermore, HAPSMobile Inc. is attempting to provide mobile communications services from the sky and developing a solar-powered UAV named Sunglider [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

System Design of Gigabit HAPS Mobile Communications

et al. 2020

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High-altitude platform stations (HAPSs) are expected to provide ultrawide-coverage areas and disaster-resilient networks from the stratosphere at around 20 km by installing wireless equipment on HAPS. Because their altitude is much lower than that of communications satellites, HAPSs can provide mobile communications services directly to smartphones, which are commonly used in terrestrial networks, such as fourth generation Long Term Evolution. Considering the widespread nature of mobile broadband communications and the importance as a backup line in case of disaster, HAPSs are expected to provide a large capacity in the future. A cellular system with single-cell frequency reuse using multiple cells similar to terrestrial mobile communications should be introduced to achieve such a capacity. The number of cells that a HAPS can accommodate ranges from 1 to more than 100, depending on unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) ability. By contrast, the optimal cell configuration, which depends on the number of available cells, has not been clarified in previous research. In this paper, we propose an optimization method for the cell configuration for HAPS mobile communications using a genetic algorithm, which can be generally applied regardless of the number of cells and can clarify the optimal cell configuration. Although many cells are required to achieve gigabit-class HAPS mobile communications, the heightened power consumption due to the large number of cells is a critical problem for UAVs. Thus, we also investigate the reduction of the total transmission power and demonstrate the feasibility of energy-efficient gigabit HAPS mobile communications with wide coverage.

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Regulatory challenges of broadband communication services from High Altitude Platforms (HAPs)

Cited by 20 publications

References 8 publications

A review of wireless communication using high-altitude platforms for extended coverage and capacity

A review of wireless communication using high-altitude platforms for extended coverage and capacity

Energy Management of Solar-Powered Aircraft-Based High Altitude Platform for Wireless Communications

System Design of Gigabit HAPS Mobile Communications

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