Regulatory mechanisms involved in the control of CYP6M2 gene in insecticide resistant in Anopheles gambiae (Diptera: Culicidae)

Abstract

Cytochrome P450s, including CYP6M2 gene, are involved in the detoxification of permethrin. Some of these genes are regulated by CnCC / dKeap 1 and Spineless / Tango in Drosophila melanogaster. This mechanism is yet to be identified in Anopheles gambiae. Thus, we examine whether there is differential regulation of CYP6M2 gene between permethrin resistant Tiassalé and susceptible Kisumu strains of An. gambiae. Bioinformatics analysis was used to search for cis-acting elements within CYP6M2 (896 bp) region hypothesised to contain the promoter. Isolated and cloned CYP6M2 promoter reporter constructs were transfected into Anopheles gambiae Sua 5.1* cells to measure luciferase activity as a surrogate promoter activity. The WHO adult bioassay was used to expose adult females of the permethrin resistant Tiassalé and susceptible Kisumu strains of An. gambiae to discriminating doses of 0.75% permethrin. Uncharacterised strains from Auyo (Auyo-Nigeria) selected to 4% DDT and 0.1% Regulatory Mechanisms Involved in the Control of CYP6M2

Understanding the Mechanisms Involved in the Regulation of Cytochrome P450 Gene Expression in Drosophila melanogaster (Diptera: Drosophilidae)

“…Interestingly, AhR/ ARNT and Nrf2/Keap 1 display a multilevel crosstalk where the latter is also a target of the former [22][23][24]. Previous studies also revealed the orthologs to Aryl hydrocarbon receptor/(AhR) Aryl hydrocarbon nuclear receptor (ARNT) and Nuclear factor erythroid factor 2 (Nrf2)/ Kelch-like associated protein 1(Keap 1) in Drosophila melanogaster to be Spineless (Ss)/Tango (Tgo) and Cap 'n' collar isoform C (CnCC)/ Drosophila Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (dKeap 1) respectively [25][26][27][28]. Therefore, to understand the mechanism by which these P450s are regulated in Drosophila melanogaster (an insect model) the basics underpinning this regulation are described below:…”