Rehabilitation of Acidified Floating Fens by Addition of Buffered Surface Water

Bootsma, M.C.; Broek, T. van den; Barendregt, A.; Beltman, B.

doi:10.1046/j.1526-100x.2002.10112.x

Cited by 17 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…This improved soil water quality resulted in a 400% increase in vegetation biodiversity of the sites near to the trenches (Bootsma et al, 2002). Bootsma et al (2002) found small effects of vegetation development at distances greater than 0Ð75 m, which agrees with the modelled soil water quality at this distance from the trench. Furthermore, in the model simulations it is shown that…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…accumulation of nutrients, is reduced. In the middle of the sod cutting plots an increase in vegetation biodiversity was observed, whereas pH was not significantly changed (Bootsma et al, 2002). This was also confirmed by the simulation results of run 5 (Table IV), where no improvement of modelled EC was observed.…”

Section: Modelling Management Of Floating Fenssupporting

confidence: 79%

“…However, this was not observed in the vegetation development (Bootsma et al, 2002). Bootsma et al (2002) have shown that the best improvement in terms of vegetation development was measured in plots with combined sod cutting and trenches. With sod cutting, the moss layer with nutrients is removed and thereby another threat to biodiversity, i.e.…”

Section: Modelling Management Of Floating Fensmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…In 1944, a species-rich Pallavicinio-Sphagnetum typicum vegetation was present (Bootsma et al, 2002). Nowadays, the central part of the floating raft is isolated from the surface water and is strongly acidified due to atmospheric deposition of acidified components.…”

Section: Site Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Restoration measures involved both drainage of acid rainwater and enhanced intrusion of calcium-rich surface water. The effects of these measures have been monitored and evaluated in terms of vegetation development and water and soil quality composition (Beltman et al, 2001;Bootsma et al, 2002). However, little is known about the hydrological effects of these measures on soil water quality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modelling hydrological management for the restoration of acidified floating fens

Dekker¹,

Barendregt²,

Bootsma³

et al. 2005

Hydrological Processes

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Abstract:Wetlands show a large decline in biodiversity. To protect and restore this biodiversity, many restoration projects are carried out. Hydrology in wetlands controls the chemical and biological processes and may be the most important factor regulating wetland function and development. Hydrological models may be used to simulate these processes and to evaluate management scenarios for restoration. HYDRUS2D, a combined saturated-unsaturated groundwater flow and transport model, is presented. This simulates near-surface hydrological processes in an acidified floating fen, with the aim to evaluate the effect of hydrological restoration in terms of conditions for biodiversity. In the acidified floating fen in the nature reserve Ilperveld (The Netherlands), a trench system was dug for the purpose of creating a runoff channel for acid rainwater in wet periods and to enable circum-neutral surface water to enter the fen in dry periods. The model is calibrated against measured conductivity values for a 5 year period. From the model simulations, it was found that lateral flow in the floating raft is limited. Furthermore, the model shows that the best management option is a combination of trenches and inundation, which gave the best soil water quality in the root zone. It is concluded that hydrological models can be used for the calculation of management scenarios in restoration projects. The combined saturated-unsaturated model concept used in this paper is able to incorporate the governing hydrological processes in the wetland root zones.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Modelling Management Of Floating Fenssupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Modelling Management Of Floating Fensmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Site Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Modelling hydrological management for the restoration of acidified floating fens

Dekker¹,

Barendregt²,

Bootsma³

et al. 2005

Hydrological Processes

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Can Sphagnum removal reverse the undesired succession of rich fens under different alkalinity and fertility levels?

Singh

Hájková

Jiroušek

et al. 2022

Ecological Applications

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An undesired succession of rich fens leads to the formation of dense Sphagnum carpets that outcompete brown mosses and some vascular plants, resulting in biodiversity loss in fen habitats of high conservation importance. Small‐scale Sphagnum removal is a rarely implemented conservational measure, whose success may depend on soil alkalinity and fertility (i.e., nutrient availability). Therefore, characterizing the effects of pH and fertility levels would potentially allow for the development of better Sphagnum removal strategies. Two experiments were conducted across 24 rich fens of different alkalinity and fertility located in an area of ~32,000 km2 spanning from the Bohemian Massif to the Western Carpathians (Europe). We hypothesized that high alkalinity and low fertility support the restoration of rich fen vegetation after Sphagnum removal. Our study focused on four different Sphagnum groups. In Experiment 1, the treatment plots remained unfenced. In Experiment 2, the treatment plots were fenced off and target brown mosses were transplanted from the surroundings to overcome dispersal limitations. A repeated‐measures design was used, with vegetation composition recorded over a 5‐year period. High alkalinity rather than fertility facilitated species richness and the appearance of target brown mosses. High alkalinity generally hindered Sphagnum recovery, whereas high fertility supported the recurrence of S. teres and S. recurvum agg. Under high pH conditions, enhanced fertility further correlated with the spread of nonsphagnaceous generalist bryophytes of low conservation value. Despite sustaining a significant overall reduction, all Sphagnum taxa began to recover throughout the experiment, albeit less obviously in fens with S. warnstorfii. Sphagnum removal may reverse biodiversity loss and allow for the restoration of brown mosses in rich fens where Sphagnum cover had increased due to slight eutrophication, acidification, or a decrease in the water table. In alkaline and nutrient‐poor conditions (e.g., S. warnstorfii fens), the effect is evident and long lasting and the intervention may not be extensive. In fens dominated by S. teres or S. recurvum agg., repeated or large‐scale removal may be needed if high nutrient availability (potassium, phosphorus) or low alkalinity supports Sphagnum recolonization. Treatment plots with S. subgenus Sphagnum exhibited the least promising brown‐moss restoration prospects.

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Effects of root mat buoyancy and heterogeneity on floating fen hydrology

Stofberg

Engelen

Witte³

et al. 2016

Ecohydrology

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Floating fen ecosystems are home to several protected habitats and species. Their development and conservation require special attention regarding water management. Although they are known to be heterogeneous and partially buoyant, their root mats are simulated in hydrological models as homogeneous, static systems. The objective of this study is to quantify root mat heterogeneity and buoyancy and to assess their effects on groundwater flow and transport, and to determine if these factors need to be taken into account in modelling. We conducted field measurements of root mat heterogeneity and buoyancy in the 'Nieuwkoopse Plassen', the Netherlands. We found that hydraulic conductivity varied over four orders of magnitude and negatively correlated with degree of decomposition, resulting in a zonation of high conductivity near the surface and low conductivity in the deeper layers. Also, we found that the root mat moved vertically with the surface water. It became more buoyant with higher temperatures, but less buoyant with increasing groundwater levels relative to the surface. We implemented the findings in a semi-steady state hydrological model of a floating fen to compare the effects with other parameters. The profound heterogeneity had a limited effect on the water budget, but a clear effect on the flow lines and thus should be taken into account when modelling transport processes in floating fens. Although buoyancy affected the relative groundwater level near the root mat edge, it did not affect the water budget or the flow lines and may therefore be neglected in water budget modelling.

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Rehabilitation of Acidified Floating Fens by Addition of Buffered Surface Water

Cited by 17 publications

References 30 publications

Modelling hydrological management for the restoration of acidified floating fens

Modelling hydrological management for the restoration of acidified floating fens

Can Sphagnum removal reverse the undesired succession of rich fens under different alkalinity and fertility levels?

Effects of root mat buoyancy and heterogeneity on floating fen hydrology

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