Rehabilitation of Urban Settlements in the Early Reconstruction Stage after a Tsunami–A Case Study of Banda Aceh Municipality in Indonesia–

Abstract

This paper aims to analyze the rehabilitation process in Banda Aceh after the tsunami, focusing on the housing supply as of August 2005. The paper also reveals a community-based approach in a settlement named Deah Glumpang. The main findings are outlined as follows.The basic process of the rehabilitation of urban settlements consists of the following four steps. i) confirmation of the survivors, ii) confirmation of the boundary between plots and making of maps (PS), iii) land consolidation (LC) and iv) supply of permanent houses. There were two organizations active in the rehabilitation process. UN-Habitat adopted a community-based approach. ADB adopted a comprehensive approach to rehabilitate the settlement by drawing up a master plan to reconstruct the infrastructure and surrounding environment prior to housing supply. The initial permanent housing model led to a mismatch between the proposal and the actual needs, especially in the inner-city situations where people were hoping to obtain houses with better conditions.

Evaluating How Tenure Security in Disaster Management Depends on Land Governance Based on Indonesian Case Study

“…This program was preceded by self-supportive identification and confirmation of parcel boundaries. This process also reported the physical condition of the parcel following the tsunami, such as land surface submerged under water, and represented it on a settlement map (Huda et al, 2007). The community was then permitted to decide the criteria for the recipient of permanent housing, the structure of the house, and the design of the LC in each gampong (village).…”

“…Throughout the process, facilitators from NGOs, universities, UN-Habitat, and government agencies accompanied and assisted the villagers. (Nazara & Resosudarmo, 2007) and (Huda et al, 2007). BRR also facilitated resettlement for victims whose land was destroyed and turned into the sea with the help of donors.…”

To move home or move on? Investigating the impact of recovery aid on migration status as a potential tool for disaster risk reduction in the aftermath of volcanic eruptions in Merapi, Indonesia

“…Resettlement after a disaster in a developing country can be temporary, especially if resettlement areas are not created with culturally sensitive and community centered designs and processes (Pasupuleti 2013;Huda et al 2007). Post-disaster resettlement is approached two ways-either top down or bottom up (Oktari et al 2017), and successful resettlement involves coordination between multiple stakeholder and community members (Huda et al 2007). For example, a study examining the resettlement of two fishing villages in Tamilnadu, India, found that housing design, location, clustering, allocation process, distance from previous town, and public space allocation all impacted resettlement success.…”

Reconstructing Post-Earthquake Settlement Using Community Deliberation Participation Approach in Yogyakarta-Indonesia

“…Disaster mitigation strategies, both on a macro and micro scale, are used in improving the quality and quantity of post-disaster settlement infrastructure (Behnam, 2014). Moreover, the rehabilitation and reconstruction processes designed with consideration for risk-minimizing factors require quality control which is very important to the successful implementation of a community-based approach (Huda, 2007). Citizen participation is an important element in comprehensive planning (Ling, 2006) and also a driving force for residents' resilience to develop their residential areas, increase regional independence, overcome local crises (Song, 2018).…”