Relationship among the variables of kinematic and tilt angle of whole body according to the foot trip during gait

Abstract

The aim of this study was to analyze the relation between incline angle of whole body and kinematic variables at tripping during gait. The participants consisted of healthy adult female (n=6). The three-dimensional (3D) motion analysis of posture restoring after inducing tripping of right foot at supporting phase of left foot was performed. As a result, supporting time elapsed of one stride and one foot at tripping showed longer than that of normal gait. The length of one stride showed longer at tripping than that of normal gait, and velocity of center of gravity (COG) showed faster at tripping than that of normal gait. Anteriorposterior incline angle of whole body showed more forwarded incline at tripping than that of normal gait. As a result of correlation among variables, one stride and supporting time elapsed showed positive relation r=0.973 (R2=0.947, P<0.001), also r=0.920 (R2=0.846, P<0.001) relative to velocity of COG, r=0.970 (R2=0.941, P<0.001) of 1-stride time elapsed relative to velocity of COG and r=0.833 (R2=0.613, P<0.05) of velocity of COG relative to anteriorposterior incline angle respectively. Therefore instantaneous stoppage of gait posture when tripped at supporting phase of one leg during gait may be impossible and rather may cause a recovery of gait pattern when secured the faster velocity of COG and the longer of supporting time elapsed of one leg.

Provoking Artificial Slips and Trips towards Perturbation-Based Balance Training: A Narrative Review

“…Table 5 presents the 9 studies that conducted trip-like perturbations during overground locomotion. Five studies conducted experiments with only young adults [ 51 , 60 , 62 , 67 , 69 ], 2 manuscripts with only older adults [ 50 , 68 ] and 2 studies with both young and older adults [ 52 , 70 ]. All the studies conducted the experimental trials with less than 50 participants.…”

“…Regarding the group of 9 studies that performed trip-like perturbations during overground walking, the triggering of a tripping object was the main source of instability. More specifically, this tripping object was activated in 2 different ways, either by the automatic spring of the obstacle from the floor (6 studies [ 50 , 51 , 52 , 60 , 67 , 68 ]) or by the manual placement of the object in the walkway (2 studies [ 69 , 70 ]). In a different approach, Er et al [ 62 ] considered the application of trips by a novel robotic device.…”

“…Two studies manually placed the obstacles in the walkway. Ko et al [ 69 ] and Schulz [ 70 ] placed objects in the walkway to induce trip-like perturbations during the unperturbed limb stance and perturbed limb swing phases, respectively. In [ 70 ], the obstacles were either visible or hidden.…”

“…All the studies considered the application of the trip-like perturbations during the swing phase to provoke trip-induced LOBs at the forward direction [ 50 , 51 , 52 , 60 , 62 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 ].…”

Effect of lower limb kinetic on carrying infant by hip seat carrier during high heel gait

“…Then the foot overloaded by body weight primarily absorbs and transfers ground reaction force (GRF) to whole body (Hyun et al, 2016). Thus human can adapt various surface environments with bipedal gait, but backpacking of bag and carrier in condition of increased velocity of COG before foot breaking may cause falling injury with difficulty of counteraction of angular momentum (Ko et al, 2017). Particularly women after baby delivering frequently carries an infant on baby carrier, type of which modifies impulse type transferring to leg and COG through increasing of load rate, leg stiffness, maximum vertical GRF and anterior-posterior GRF (Ryew and Hyun, 2018).…”