Relationship between Irisin Concentration and Serum Cytokines in Mother and Newborn

Abstract

IntroductionIrisin is considered to be a myokine and adipokine that may also participate in reproductive functions, as it increases significantly throughout pregnancy. However, the regulation of circulating irisin and its relationship with other cytokines has not been assessed thus far in pregnant women and their offspring.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate differences in irisin and cytokine concentrations between women at the end of pregnancy and their offspring, as well as the relationship between maternal and newborn irisin and maternal and newborn biomarkers.MethodsTwenty-eight mother/newborn pairs were included in this study. The following biomarkers were evaluated in maternal venous and arterial umbilical cord blood samples: irisin, 27 cytokine panel, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total plasma protein, and free fatty acid concentration.ResultsThe newborns had significantly lower irisin concentrations compared to their mothers (p = 0.03), but this difference was present only in babies born from mothers without labor prior to cesarean section delivery (p = 0.01). No significant differences in maternal and newborn irisin concentrations were found between diabetic and non-diabetic mothers or between overweight/obese and normal weight mothers. A significant positive correlation was found between TAC level and irisin concentration in newborns. Maternal and newborn interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-1RA, IL-5, IL-7, and interferon gamma-induced protein (IP)-10 levels were significantly positively correlated with irisin concentrations in both study groups. In addition, maternal IL1β, IL-5, IL-7, and IP-10 levels positively predicted maternal irisin concentrations. Furthermore, arterial cord blood TAC and IL-1β and IL1-RA levels positively predicted newborn irisin concentrations. Multiple regression analyses showed that maternal IL-13 negatively predicted offspring irisin levels (p = 0.03) and that maternal IL-1β positively predicted newborn irisin concentrations (p = 0.046).ConclusionNo evidence was found that serum irisin concentrations in mothers at pregnancy termination or those of their newborns correlated with maternal body mass index, the presence of diabetes mellitus, or free fatty acid levels. However, the results of this study indicated that cytokines might predict irisin concentration in mothers and their offspring, although interactions between irisin levels during pregnancy and the newborn have not yet been fully elucidated.

Adiponectin and vitamin D-binding protein are independently associated at birth in both mothers and neonates

“…different ethnic groups and may be influenced by dietary intake however, unlike many adipocyte derived factors, circulating adiponectin levels decrease with increasing adiposity(26,27).On the other hand, irisin concentrations were lower in neonates than mothers, a finding which has been previously observed in pathological conditions, including diabetes and obesity, as well as in uncomplicated pregnancy(28).Differences in neonate and adult muscle mass could explain the increased concentrations of maternal irisin compared to neonatal ones ,in this study. further studies are necessary, this finding may imply that vitamin D metabolites are not correlated with adiponectin irrespective of vitamin D status.…”

Irisin Maternal Plasma and Cord Blood Levels in Mothers with Spontaneous Preterm and Term Delivery

“…Using a univariable model, we discovered a positive association between cord blood irisin concentration and PTB occurrence in the studied cohort, that is, a higher irisin level in preterm infants compared with term deliveries. Onset of labor constitutes a strong stimulus for the release of irisin into maternal and fetal circulations [ 44 ] and could increase cord blood irisin level by nearly 40% [ 45 ]. It has been suggested that increased irisin release into cord blood may be caused by temporary utero-placental ischemia during vaginal delivery, thus leading to fetal stress [ 44 ].…”

Association of Irisin Plasma Levels with Anthropometric Parameters in Children with Underweight, Normal Weight, Overweight, and Obesity

“…Plasma irisin concentration was measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit (Phoenix Pharmaceuticals, Burlingame, CA) [ 19 ]. The assay has been proven to be highly sensitive to human irisin.…”