Relationship between oral and gut microbiota in elderly people

Iwauchi, Megumi; Horigome, Ayako; Ishikawa, Kentaro; Mikuni, Aya; Nakano, Manabu; Xiao, Jin‐zhong; Odamaki, Toshitaka; Hironaka, Shouji

doi:10.1002/iid3.266

Cited by 73 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Thus, hyposalivation could promote gingival inflammation and adversely affect oral and systemic health; these are particularly important for the elders [10]. Furthermore, oral microorganisms could be transferred to the gut, and this transition was found to be higher in the elders, suggesting that gut microbiota and systemic health could be affected by oral microbiota [33]. In addition, we found that hyposalivation was significantly associated with objective dry mouth signs ( Table 2, p = 0.003), but not subjective dry mouth symptoms (p = 0.448).…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

Hyposalivation, oral health, and Candida colonization in independent dentate elders

2020

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Hyposalivation is an important problem in elders and could interfere with several oral functions and microbial ecology. While the number of independent elders who retain more natural teeth increases worldwide, few studies examined hyposalivation in this population. Thus, this study aims to examine relationships between hyposalivation, oral health conditions and oral Candida colonization in independent dentate elders and evaluate factors associated with salivary flow and Candida carriage. We conducted a cross-sectional study in fifty-three dentate elders (≥65 years old with at least 4 pairs of posterior occlusal contacts) with no, or well-controlled, systemic conditions. Participants were interviewed for medical history, subjective dry mouth symptoms, oral hygiene practices and denture information. Unstimulated and stimulated salivary flow rates, objective dry mouth signs, gingival, tongue-coating, and root-caries indices were recorded. Stimulated saliva was cultured on Sabouraud-dextrose agar for Candida counts. Candida species were identified using chromogenic Candida agar and polymerase chain reaction. Statistical significance level was set at p<0.05. The results showed that hyposalivation was associated with higher gingival and tongue-coating indices (p = 0.003 and 0.015, respectively), but not root-caries index. Hyposalivation was also associated with higher prevalence of oral Candida colonization (p = 0.010; adjusted OR = 4.36, 95% confidence interval = 1.29–14.72). These two indices and Candida load were negatively correlated with unstimulated and stimulated salivary flow rates. Interestingly, non-albicans Candida species were more prevalent in denture wearers (p = 0.017). Hence, hyposalivation is a risk factor for poorer oral health and oral Candida colonization in independent dentate elders. Because of its potential adverse effects on oral and systemic health, hyposalivation should be carefully monitored in elders.

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Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

Hyposalivation, oral health, and Candida colonization in independent dentate elders

2020

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“…The above technical skills may be used in diagnostic and research-based microbiology. Anaerobic culture and candle jar incubation was also incorporated to prepare students for evolving areas in gut and oral anaerobiology (Iwauchi et al, 2019).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Observations on Scenario Based Learning (SBL) in a Medical Microbiology Teaching Lab in a Biomedical Science Course

Lloyd

Neo

2020

SE Asian Jnl Med Educ

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Introduction: A scenario-based learning (SBL) approach was designed for students taking the Medical Microbiology module at a tertiary educational institution. The purpose was to provide them a platform, to develop a diagnostic and research mind-set. A qualitative observational study on students' learning experiences is discussed herein. Methods: The SBL entitled "Save the Patient" was conducted by assigning each student-pair a hypothetical infectious disease case. In session 1, students presented their literature search on-the possible microorganisms associated with the given disease, the sample required for diagnosis and the strategies for identifying the microorganisms. In session 2, hypothetical sample duplicates comprising a microbial mix (bacteria, yeasts) was provided. Students spent three sessions isolating and identifying the microorganisms using standard techniques, with tutor guidance. The end-point was to identify the pathogens and to prescribe a correct antimicrobial to "Save the Patient." Mistakes were not penalized. Reflective qualitative observations on the various roadblocks faced and the impact on students' diagnoses were documented, to bring out areas for developing competency. Results: Common technical and non-technical learning areas could be grouped into 9 major and 22 subcategories. Aseptic skills (68%), streaking technique (46%) and detailed pre-laboratory preparations (43%) were observed by students to be key areas, where, if flawed, could result in inaccurate diagnosis. Conclusion: The SBL learning method provided a platform for learning from mistakes in a safe environment. Students were motivated to think about their approaches and responsibly practice skills in areas they perceived as crucial, for their diagnostic career ahead.

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“…Recent advances of research on systemic diseases and oral health showed that there exist protective host factors for systemic diseases in relation to periodontal diseases [29][30][31]. The number of studies on the oral microbiota of community-dwelling older persons is limited [32][33][34][35][36][37].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral Microbiome in Four Female Centenarians

et al. 2020

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The oral microbiome of healthy older adults has valuable information about a healthy microbiome. In this study, we collected and analyzed the oral microbiome of denture plaque and tongue coating samples from four female centenarians. After DNA extraction and purification, pyrosequencing of the V3–V4 hypervariable regions of the 16S rRNA was carried out. The bacterial taxonomy for each lead was assigned based on a search of the EzBioCloud 16S database. We obtained a total of 199,723 valid, quality-controlled reads for denture plaque and 210,750 reads for tongue coating. The reads were assigned 407 operational taxonomic units with a 97% identity cutoff. Twenty-nine species were detected in both denture plaque and tongue coatings from all subjects. Firmicutes was the most abundant phylum; the Streptococcus salivarius group was the most abundant species in both the denture plaque and tongue coatings; and the Fusobacterium nucleatum group was detected in all subjects. In the bacterial profile, species formed clusters composed of bacteria with a wide range of prevalence and abundance, not dependent on phyla; each cluster may have specific species that could be candidates for a core microbiome. Firmicutes and Veillonella were abundant phyla on both plaque and tongue coatings of centenarians.

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Relationship between oral and gut microbiota in elderly people

Cited by 73 publications

References 32 publications

Hyposalivation, oral health, and Candida colonization in independent dentate elders

Hyposalivation, oral health, and Candida colonization in independent dentate elders

Observations on Scenario Based Learning (SBL) in a Medical Microbiology Teaching Lab in a Biomedical Science Course

Oral Microbiome in Four Female Centenarians

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