Relationship between tonic and phasic craving for alcohol

Hartwell, Emily E.; Ray, Lara A.

doi:10.1016/j.abrep.2018.03.001

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Subjective response in turn is often predictive of craving, although that may vary as a function of sample and alcohol use severity (Bujarski et al, 2015a, Bujarski and. In the current investigation we examine craving for alcohol elicited by alcohol administration (i.e., alcohol-induced craving), which we recently reported to be associated with tonic measures of alcohol craving (Hartwell and Ray, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The Interplay Between Subjective Response to Alcohol, Craving, and Alcohol Self‐Administration in the Human Laboratory

Green

Grodin

Lim

et al. 2019

Alcoholism Clin & Exp Res

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Background: Despite a rich literature on human laboratory paradigms of subjective response to alcohol (SR), craving for alcohol, and alcohol self-administration, few studies have examined the interplay across these three constructs. The present study addresses this gap in the literature by examining the interplay between SR, craving, and self-administration in the human laboratory. Methods: Data were culled from a medication study (NCT02026011) in which heavy drinking participants of East Asian ancestry completed two double-blinded and counterbalanced experimental sessions. In each experimental session, participants received a priming dose of IV alcohol to a target breath alcohol concentration (BrAC) of 0.06 g/dl and measures of SR (stimulation and sedation) and alcohol craving were collected across rising BrACs. The IV alcohol challenge was immediately followed by a 1-hour alcohol self-administration period. Results: Mixed model analyses found a positive and significant relationship between the slope of stimulation and the slope of craving during the alcohol challenge. The relationship between sedation and craving, however, was not significant. The slope of craving during the alcohol challenge significantly predicted a higher number of mini-drinks consumed and lower latency to first drink. Further, mediation analyses found that craving was a significant mediator of the relationship between stimulation and total number of mini-drinks consumed, but the same pattern was not found for sedation. Conclusions: Insofar as alcohol self-administration represents the endpoint of interest for a host of experimental and clinical research questions, the present study suggests that alcohol craving represents a more proximal predictor of self-administration than measures of alcohol-induced stimulation. It is recommended that human laboratory models interpret measures of SR and craving in light of their relative predictive utility for drinking outcomes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The Interplay Between Subjective Response to Alcohol, Craving, and Alcohol Self‐Administration in the Human Laboratory

Green

Grodin

Lim

et al. 2019

Alcoholism Clin & Exp Res

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“…The PACS is one of the most common instruments for assessing the intensity of tonic alcohol craving [ 9 , 17 , 32 , 33 ]. Research studies that have employed the PACS indicate that this instrument demonstrates a high prognostic utility for a risk of relapse and this exceeds the effect achieved with the application of other instruments [ 5 , 34 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Phasic craving means relatively short desire escalations in response to environmental factors or emotionally loaded stimuli, which remind a person with SUD of the episodes of usage or signal an approaching opportunity to do so. On the other hand, tonic craving is a retrospective, subjective and slowly changing experience of a desire which lasts for a specific period of time in a situation where it has not been triggered [ 2 , 16 , 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychometric properties and longitudinal measurement invariance of the drug craving scale: Modification of the Polish version of the Penn Alcohol Craving Scale (PACS)

2021

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Background The Penn Alcohol Craving Scale (PACS) is an instrument with good psychometric properties that is widely used to assess alcohol craving. Based on the assumption that the experience of craving is independent of substance type, the Polish version of the PACS was modified to measure drug craving, thus creating the Penn Drug Craving Scale (PDCS). The analyses presented in the paper aim to verify the hypothesis that the PDCS has a unidimensional structure, is highly reliable and features longitudinal measurement invariance. Methods The research was conducted in 14 inpatient and 13 outpatient randomly selected facilities that provide psychosocial therapy to people with substance use disorder (SUD) in Poland, during June 2018 –July 2019. The data used for the analyses came from 282 patients diagnosed on the basis of ICD-10 criteria (F11.2-F19.2). The paper presents analyses with the application of: [1] confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) conducted on the basis of a polychoric correlation matrix and the WLSMV estimator; [2] a reliability estimate using Cronbach’s alpha and coefficient omega; [3] verification of longitudinal measurement invariance between the beginning and end of therapy; [4] evaluation of criterion validity; [5] normalisation of the raw scores. Results The CFA results confirmed a unidimensional PDCS structure (RMSEA = 0.047, 95% CI: 0.000–0.103; CFI = 0.999; TLI = 0.999) and a high reliability of the scale (ω = 0.93). Moreover, a strict longitudinal measurement invariance of the instrument was confirmed. Conclusions Accurate assessment of craving is possible only with valid and reliable instruments. Therefore, the psychometric properties of the PDCS were verified based on the latest statistical approaches. The scale is a valid and highly reliable tool featuring longitudinal measurement invariance and can be usefully used for research and clinical purposes. Thus, the Polish version of the PACS has been modified and successfully applied to the population of people with SUD.

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“…use and alcohol problems were assessed using (a) the Timeline Followback (Sobell and Sobell, 1992) to determine alcohol use quantity and frequency over the past 30 days; (b) Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment for Alcohol-Revised (CIWA-Ar) (Sullivan et al, 1989), to evaluate alcohol withdrawal symptoms; (c) the Alcohol Dependence Scale (ADS) (Skinner et al, 1984) to assess for problems related to excessive drinking; (d) the Obsessive-Compulsive Dependence Scale (OCDS) (Anton et al, 1995) to measure tonic alcohol craving (Hartwell and Ray, 2018); and (e) the Reasons for Heavy Drinking Questionnaire (RHDQ), which is comprised of heavy drinking for normalizing and heavy drinking for reinforcement subscales (Adams et al, 2016). The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 (First et al, 2016) was administered by a master's level clinician to assess for current (i.e., past 12months) AUD symptoms.…”

Section: Alcohol Use and Alcohol Problems-alcoholmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pain catastrophizing predicts alcohol craving in heavy drinkers independent of pain intensity

Nieto

Green

Grodin

et al. 2021

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

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Background: Chronic pain and alcohol use disorder (AUD) are often co-occurring conditions. Pain catastrophizing, an emotional component of pain, and pain intensity are related to alcohol use as a coping mechanism; however, how pain interacts with tonic alcohol craving is an understudied area. This study sought to determine the unique and independent effects of pain intensity and pain catastrophizing on alcohol craving in heavy drinkers.Method: Non-treatment seeking heavy drinkers (n = 128) completed self-report measures of pain (both intensity and catastrophizing), depression, alcohol use and problems, and reasons for heavy drinking. A hierarchical regression examined the unique contribution of pain intensity to alcohol craving. Depression, pain catastrophizing, and alcohol use measures were added to the hierarchical model in sequential blocks. Results:The final model of the hierarchical regression demonstrated that pain catastrophizing has an independent effect on alcohol craving over and above demographic, pain intensity, depression, and alcohol measures. Exploratory analyses suggest that individuals in the high intensity pain grade have higher levels of depression symptomology, pain catastrophizing, alcohol use and problems, as well as engaging in heavy drinking to "feel normal" compared to the no pain and low intensity pain grades. Conclusions:These results demonstrate that pain catastrophizing predicts alcohol craving independent of self-reported chronic pain intensity. Individuals with high intensity chronic pain have more severe alcohol use and mood-related symptomology. Upon replication in clinical samples, these findings can inform clinical care for pain management.

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Relationship between tonic and phasic craving for alcohol

Cited by 6 publications

References 35 publications

The Interplay Between Subjective Response to Alcohol, Craving, and Alcohol Self‐Administration in the Human Laboratory

The Interplay Between Subjective Response to Alcohol, Craving, and Alcohol Self‐Administration in the Human Laboratory

Psychometric properties and longitudinal measurement invariance of the drug craving scale: Modification of the Polish version of the Penn Alcohol Craving Scale (PACS)

Pain catastrophizing predicts alcohol craving in heavy drinkers independent of pain intensity

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