Relationships between ion and chlorophyll accumulation in seeds and adaptation to saline environments in Suaeda salsa populations

Abstract

The importance of ion and chlorophyll accumulation was evaluated in brown seeds of a Suaeda salsa population from an intertidal zone and one from a saline inland zone during seed development. The results showed that more NO 3 7 and K þ , but less Cl 7 and Na þ in leaves and stems were translocated to the embryos in the intertidal population than the inland population; more Cl 7 and Na þ were compartmentalized in the pericarps of the intertidal population compared to the inland population, which indicates that the two populations have different ability to accumulate ions in different plant parts. The embryos of fresh premature seeds contained chlorophyll and the embryos could release oxygen. The content of chlorophyll markedly decreased, and there was no oxygen production in the embryos of dry mature seeds in both populations. These characteristics may affect the distributions of the two S. salsa populations in their natural saline environments.

Phenology of the dioecious shrubBaccharis halimifoliaalong a salinity gradient: Consequences for the invasion of Atlantic subhalophilous communities

“…important conservation value due to the high level of These invaders can achieve high cover and densities specialization of their organisms (Doody 2008; to the detriment of native vegetation of subhalophi- Boscaiu et al 2011;Li et al 2012). The Habitats lous communities, some of them scarcely repDirective 92/43/EEC includes most subhalophilous resented in the region (Herrera & Campos 2010).…”

Photosynthetic characteristics of non‐foliar organs in main C3 cereals

“…Nevertheless, the non‐foliar organs in many crop species are also photosynthetically active. These non‐foliar organs containing chlorophyll include the awns, exposed peduncles, glumes and caryopsis pericarp in wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.; Singal et al , Araus et al , Li et al , Kong et al , , ), the ear of rice ( Oryza sativa L.; Ishihara et al , Imaizumi et al ) and barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.; Watson and Duffus , Duffus and Cochrane ), the petioles of tobacco (Hibberd and Quick ), stems of Clusia multiflora , Clusia rosea (Kocurek et al ) and cotton (Ma et al , Hu et al , Zhan et al ), the pods of alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.; Wang et al ), cotyledons of Suaeda physophora seedlings (Zhang et al , Zhou et al ) and even the embryos of fresh premature seeds of Suaeda salsa (Li et al , Zhou et al ). The capsule walls of castor ( Ricinus communis L.) are photosynthetically active and contribute significantly to carbon fixation and seed yield; as a result, photoassimilates account for 10% of the seed weight (Zhang et al , ).…”

Salt dynamics in soil profiles during long-term evaporation under different groundwater conditions

“…Salinization, one of the most challenging environmental problems, constitutes a major limiting factor in irrigated landscapes and waterways around the world (Van Schilfgaarde 1974;Ritzema 1994;Ghassemi et al 1995aGhassemi et al , 1995bMiguel et al 2013), threatening biodiversity and negatively influencing soil quality and plant growth (Chhabra & Kumar 2008;Geerts et al 2008;Wang et al 2008;Gowing et al 2009;Li et al 2012). Salt stress can decrease seedling vigor and root activities, thereby inhibiting seed germination, seedling, and plant growth (Jaffel et al 2011;Rewald et al 2011;Zhang et al 2012).…”