Relationships of Lupinus species based on variation in seed protein electrophoretic profiles

Abstract

The present work deals with application of seed protein diversity as revealed by SDS-PAGE to reassess the relationships of 27 samples represent six North American species and eight Old World species of Lupinus in the light of their chromosome counts and pervious taxonomic treatments. The relationships among the examined samples have been demonstrated as UPGMA and Neighbor joining (NJ) trees that agree with the taxonomy and ecogeographic distribution of the studied species. In both trees the 27 samples have been divided in two major groups; one small group comprised of the New World species and a large group comprised of the Old World species. The North American lupines are clearly delimited as separate identities with high levels of dissimilarity between them particularly in the UPGMA tree. In the NJ tree high levels of dissimilarity are observed between L. sativus and L. sylvestris and a cluster comprised of L. mutabilis, L. succulentus, L. elegans and L. hartwegii. The relationships among the Old World species, with few exceptions, correlate well with their morphology and intercrossing data. The morphologically diverse and genetically well-differentiated smoothseeded species were separated as one group from the morphologically homogeneous and genetically less differentiated rough-seeded lupines. In the smooth seeded lupines, the separation of L. albus (2n=50) and L. angustifolius (2n=40) is congruent with their sectional delimitation, However, L. micranthus, (sect. Micranthi) and L. luteus and L. hispanicus (sect. Lutei) all have 2n=52. The rough seeded species are differentiated into two clusters; one includes the three samples of L. consentinii (2n=32) and the other comprises the two samples of L. pilosus (2n=42) and atlanticus (2n=38).

Genetic diversity as revealed by AFLP fingerprinting and systematic relationships of species in Sesbania (Fabaceae)

“…Species of subgenus Agati are characterized by large flowers, elliptic standard and reniform oblong seeds (Monteiro, 1994). The delimitation of subgenus Agati is also correlated with the karyotype criteria; species of this subgenus are mostly polyploid with a tetraploid number of 2n=24 while those in the other two subgenera are mostly diploid with 2n=12 (Abou-El-Enain et al, 1998;El-Shazly & Abou-Enain, 1999). The separation of subgenus Agati is also supported by evidence of seed protein electrophoretic data (Badr et al, 1998).…”

“…This is reflected in the topology of both the NJ and UPGMA trees. This observation is correlated with intarspecific resemblances in karyotype features (Abou-El-Enain, et al, 1998;El-Shazly & Abou-El-Enain, 1999) and similarities in storage seed protein electrophoretic profiles (Saraswati et al, 1993;Badr et al, 1998). However, close inspection of AFLP profiles and of the topology of the distance trees shows more genetic diversity between different accessions of the same species that is not manifested in the karyotype features or seed protein electrophoretic profile.…”

“…Polyploidy was encountered in a number of species; 2n=24 was recorded in S. aculeata, S. formosa, S. grandiflora, S. sesban, S. tetraptera, and S. virgata, whereas 2n=28 was only found in S. pachycarpa. Detailed karyotypic data have been described for several species (Lubis et al, 1981;Parihar & Zadoo, 1987;Joshua & Bhatia, 1989;Heering & Hanson, 1993;Salimuddin, 1993;Forni-Martins et al, 1994;Abou-El-Enain et al, 1998;El Shazly & Abou-El-Enain, 1999).…”

“…Seed storage proteins are particularly abundant in the seeds of legumes and have provided valid source of evidence that have successfully been used for addressing the systematic relationships at the species level in many genera of the family Fabaceae. For example, to differentiate between species in Trifolium (Badr, 1995), Lathyrus (Badr et al, 2000), Astragalus (Al-Nowaihi et al, 2002) and Lupinus (El-Shazly et al, 2006) In Sesbania, Saraswati et al (1993) used electrophoretic patterns of seed proteins for species identification. The analysis of seed protein electrophoretic data showed that species in the two subgenera Agati and Daubentonia form a heterogeneous group that is distinct from species of subgenus Sesbania (Badr et al, 1998).…”

Genetic Diversity of the Endemic Species Phlomis aurea Decne. in Southern Sinai, Egypt

“…Seed storage protein electrophoretic profiles had been used to characterize wild and cultivated varieties of a number of plant species (El-Shazly et al, 2006;Mirali et al, 2007 andSharawy &Badr, 2008) because they are stable, uniform, reliable, reproducible and largely independent of age and environmental fluctuations (Sammour, 2014). It is also used in the investigation of genetic diversity within and among populations thus provides valid evidence for genetic relatedness (Crawford, The DNA molecular markers are not influenced by the external environmental factors unlike that of morphological and biochemical markers, which had its own limitations as they were always, do not completely represent the genetic structure (Noli et al, 1997) and hence accurately testify the genetic relationship between and among individual groups (Lawrence et al, 1992).…”