Relative Effectiveness of Various Steroids in an Androgen Assay Using the Exorbital Lacrimal Gland of the Castrated Rat.

Cavallero, C

doi:10.1530/acta.0.0550119

Cited by 43 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…It was there-Kronman 1963, Kronman & Chauncey fore of interest to determine if the pattern 1964, Krontnan et al 1968). An analogue MOSADOMI AND OFNER of the sublingual gland, namely the exorbital lacrimal gland of the rat, has even been used in an assay of the relative potency of various natural and synthetic androgens (Cavallero 1967, Cavallero & Ofner 1967. The presence of several steroid-metabolizing enzymes has been reported in the salivary glands of certain rodent speeies (Charreau & Villee 1968, Stoka et al 1971972a,b).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro metabolism of testosterone‐4‐¹⁴C by canine salivary glands

Mosadoml

Ofner

1976

J Oral Pathology Medicine

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Abstract. Testosterone‐4‐14C (2430 pmol, 0.48 μM) was incubated aerobically in 67 mM phosphate buffer pH 7.4 with homogenates and minces of salivary glands from male dogs. Extracted radiosteroids were resolved by thin‐layer chromatography on silica gel, removed and quantitated. Substantially higher NAD+‐dependent 17 β‐hydroxy‐C19‐steroid oxidoreductase activity was found in submaxillary gland homogenates than in similar parotid‐gland preparations. Preliminary evidence is presented that the enzyme activity per unit wet weight of the minced submaxillary gland is decreased in the 2‐week male castrate, in the absence of any recognizable histologic changes in the gland. Testosterone metabolism by canine salivary glands is thus oxidative, contrasting with the reductive 17 β‐hydroxysteroid pathway characteristic of androgen‐dependent organs such as the prostate, and is more extensive than in this accessory sex tissue. Our findings suggest that the canine salivary glands are not target organs for circulating male hormone.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro metabolism of testosterone‐4‐¹⁴C by canine salivary glands

Mosadoml

Ofner

1976

J Oral Pathology Medicine

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“…These gender-associated fluctuations in T cell subsets of the lacrimal gland extend our previous observations on the sexual dimorphism inherent in this tissue . Sigmfkant differences between males and females have been noted in such tissue parameters as morphology, biochemistry, immunology and genetics (Cavallero 1967;Hahn 1969;Paulini et al 1972;Lauria & Porcelli 1979;Shaw et al 1983;Cornell-Bell et al 1985;Sullivan et al 1984Sullivan et al , 1985Sullivan et al , 1986Sullivan et al , 1988Hann et al 1988). These gender-related variations are apparently due to the effect of hormones from the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis (Sullivan & Allansmith 1987).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

T cell populations in the lacrimal gland during aging

Guðmundsson

Björnsson

Olafsdottir

et al. 1988

Acta Ophthalmologica

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The present study examined the influence of age and gender on T cell populations in the lacrimal gland. Lacrimal (exorbital) glands were obtained from male and female rats at 19 days (pre-puberty), 9 weeks (adult) and 14 months (mid-life) of age and tissues were processed for T cell subset identification. In females, the density of total (W3/13+ and OX 19+), helper/inducer (W3/25+) and suppressor/cytotoxic (OX 8+) T cells underwent a significant increase in tissues from before, to after puberty. Following this rise, the density of all T cell populations decreased in glands from young adult to midlife females. This pattern of accumulation contrasted with the T cell profile presented by glands from males: T cell densities appeared unaffected from 19 days to 9 weeks of age, and then either declined (OX 19+, W3/25) or remained unchanged (W3/13+, OX 8+) in tissues of 14 month rats. An influence of gender on the distribution of T cells was also apparent if results were corrected for age-associated variations in lacrimal gland weight. Thus, the absolute number of all T cell populations rose dramatically in glands of both sexes from pre- to post-puberty. However, from 9 weeks to 14 months of age, the total content of W3/13+, OX 19+, W3/25+ and OX 8+ lymphocytes decreased 2-fold in glands of females, but did not vary in tissues of males. Of interest, the number of W3/25+ and OX 8+ cells was analagous in all age groups examined. Moreover, the combined total of W3/25+ and OX 8+ cells was greater than that of W3/13+ or OX 19+ cells at every age.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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“…This sexual dimorphism also extends to tears, in which from puberty to senescence, free SC and IgA, but not IgG, occur in considerably higher levels in male rats Sullivan et al, 1998). Indeed, androgen influence may well be involved in the distinct sex-associated differences in the structural appearance, histochemistry, biochemistry, immunology, and molecular biologic expression of the lacrimal gland in various species, including mice, hamsters, guinea pigs, rats, rabbits, and humans (Waterhouse, 1963;Cavallero, 1967;Hahn, 1969;Lauria and Porcelli, 1979;Cornell-Bell et al, 1985;Cripps et al, 1986;Sullivan and Allansmith, 1988;Hann et al, 1988;Pangerl et al, 1989;Mircheff et al, 1991;Azzarolo et al, 1993;Gao et al, 1995;Sullivan et al, , 1998Toda et al, 1999;Rocha et al, 1997;Marcozzi et al, 2000;Madia et al, 2001;Richards et al, 2002;Liu et al, 2002a).…”

Section: Neuroendocrine Modulationmentioning

confidence: 97%