Release of MCP-1 and IL-8 from lung epithelial cells exposed to volatile organic compounds

Fischäder, Gundula; Röder-Stolinski, Carmen; Wichmann, Gunnar; Nieber, K; Lehmann, Irina

doi:10.1016/j.tiv.2007.09.015

Cited by 58 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Therefore, the role of indoor VOCs as irritants or adjuvants in asthma development remains an open question. However, several in vitro studies demonstrate that exposure to indoor relevant concentrations of VOCs increase the production of inflammatory cytokines in human lung epithelial cell lines by the induction of oxidative stress [13]–[15]. A similar pro-inflammatory cytokine pattern with increased levels of IL- 6 or TNF-alpha was found in blood samples of children after indoor renovation activities, in particular in the presence of new floor covering [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Volatile Organic Compounds Enhance Allergic Airway Inflammation in an Experimental Mouse Model

et al. 2012

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BackgroundEpidemiological studies suggest an association between exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and adverse allergic and respiratory symptoms. However, whether VOCs exhibit a causal role as adjuvants in asthma development remains unclear.MethodsTo investigate the effect of VOC exposure on the development of allergic airway inflammation Balb/c mice were exposed to VOCs emitted by new polyvinylchloride (PVC) flooring, sensitized with ovalbumin (OVA) and characterized in acute and chronic murine asthma models. Furthermore, prevalent evaporated VOCs were analyzed and mice were exposed to selected single VOCs.ResultsExposure of mice to PVC flooring increased eosinophilic lung inflammation and OVA-specific IgE serum levels compared to un-exposed control mice. The increased inflammation was associated with elevated levels of Th2-cytokines. Long-term exposure to PVC flooring exacerbated chronic airway inflammation. VOCs with the highest concentrations emitted by new PVC flooring were N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) and 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol diisobutyrate (TXIB). Exposure to NMP or TXIB also increased the allergic immune response in OVA-sensitized mice. In vitro or in vivo exposure to NMP or TXIB reduced IL-12 production in maturing dendritic cells (DCs) and enhanced airway inflammation after adoptive DC transfer into Balb/c mice. At higher concentrations both VOCs induced oxidative stress demonstrated by increased isoprostane and glutathione-S-transferase-pi1 protein levels in the lung of non-sensitized mice. Treatment of PVC flooring-exposed mice with N-acetylcysteine prevented the VOC-induced increase of airway inflammation.ConclusionsOur results demonstrate that exposure to VOCs may increase the allergic immune response by interfering with DC function and by inducing oxidative stress and has therefore to be considerate as risk factor for the development of allergic diseases.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Volatile Organic Compounds Enhance Allergic Airway Inflammation in an Experimental Mouse Model

et al. 2012

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“…Culture conditions such as media, number of cells used and growth duration can contribute to variability between studies and may affect result outcomes (Anderson et al, 2010; Feltens et al, 2010; Fischader et al, 2008; Gminski et al, 2010). Heterogeneity in culture conditions can result in different growth characteristics and even phenotypes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The development of specific epithelial cell culture techniques has enabled investigators to examine differences that exist in the airway between health and disease states. Soluble inflammatory cytokines such as, IL-6, IL-8 and MCP-1 are often described in the literature as markers for the analysis of adverse outcomes induced by chemical exposure in cell lines such as A549; these can be collected directly from the supernatant and analyzed easily using methods such as ELISA or flow cytometry (Fischader et al, 2008; Persoz et al, 2010). The choice of these markers is supported by studies using primary cultures of human nasal epithelial cells from atopic individual with and without rhinitis (Calderon et al, 1997).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While the main benefits of these types of exposure studies include reduced costs and large sample number, they do have limited sensitivity and provide an unrealistic environment due to chemical-media interactions. (Fischader et al, 2008). Recent advances in the field include the development of air/cell interface exposure systems such as those produced by companies including Vitrocell ® Systems (Waldkirch, Germany) and Cultex Laboratories (Hannover, Germany).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Research has shown that exposure of TNF-α stimulated A549 cells (Static/20 h) to chlorobenzene, styrene or m-xylene (within the indoor relevant concentration range 1–25,000 mg/m 3 ) increased MCP-1 production while higher concentrations increased IL-8 production (Fischader et al, 2008). Mixtures of the three VOCs produced similar results.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Toxicological analysis of limonene reaction products using an in vitro exposure system

Anderson

Khurshid

Meade

et al. 2013

Toxicology in Vitro

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Epidemiological investigations suggest a link between exposure to indoor air chemicals and adverse health effects. Consumer products contain reactive chemicals which can form secondary pollutants which may contribute to these effects. The reaction of limonene and ozone is a well characterized example of this type of indoor air chemistry. The studies described here characterize an in vitro model using an epithelial cell line (A549) or differentiated epithelial tissue (MucilAir™). The model is used to investigate adverse effects following exposure to combinations of limonene and ozone. In A549 cells, exposure to both the parent compounds and reaction products resulted in alterations in inflammatory cytokine production. A one hour exposure to limonene + ozone resulted in decreased proliferation when compared to cells exposed to limonene alone. Repeated dose exposures of limonene or limonene + ozone were conducted on MucilAir™ tissue. No change in proliferation was observed but increases in cytokine production were observed for both the parent compounds and reaction products. Factors such as exposure duration, chemical concentration, and sampling time point were identified to influence result outcome. These findings suggest that exposure to reaction products may produce more severe effects compared to the parent compound.

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Chlorbenzol [MAK Value Documentation in German language, 2018]

Hartwig

Arand²

2018

The MAK‐Collection for Occupational Health and Safety

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The German Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area has re‐evaluated chlorobenzene [ 108‐90‐7 ] to derive a maximum concentration at the workplace (MAK value), considering all toxicity endpoints. Adverse effects are a depression of the central nervous system in humans and histological alterations in liver and kidneys in rats. A 2‐generation reproduction study with chlorobenzene vapour in Sprague‐Dawley rats resulted in a NOAEC of 50 ml/m 3 . Based on this NOAEC, a MAK value of 5 ml/m 3 is derived. This value is supported by a study with healthy volunteers at rest, who showed no neurotoxic or chemosensory effects at a NAEC of 5.9 ml/m 3 , which takes the increased respiratory volume at the work place into account. As systemic effects are critical, the substance remains assigned to Peak Limitation Category II and the excursion factor of 2 is confirmed. Chlorobenzene caused a statistically significantly increased incidence of neoplastic nodules in the liver of male F344 rats in a carcinogenicity study at the highest dose of 120 mg/kg body weight and day. As chlorobenzene is genotoxic only at high doses given intraperitoneally, and female rats and mice did not show any tumours in this study, it remains regarded neither as a carcinogen nor as a germ cell mutagen. From a synopsis of all data, the classification of chlorobenzene in Pregnancy Risk Group C is maintained. Chlorobenzene did not lead to contact sensitization in mice and guinea pigs.

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Release of MCP-1 and IL-8 from lung epithelial cells exposed to volatile organic compounds

Cited by 58 publications

References 32 publications

Volatile Organic Compounds Enhance Allergic Airway Inflammation in an Experimental Mouse Model

Volatile Organic Compounds Enhance Allergic Airway Inflammation in an Experimental Mouse Model

Toxicological analysis of limonene reaction products using an in vitro exposure system

Chlorbenzol [MAK Value Documentation in German language, 2018]

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