Reliable transformerless battery energy storage systems based on cascade dual‐boost/buck converters

Liu, Chuang; Kan, Jiankun; Zhi, Yuemei; Li, Wei; Sun, Jiajun; Cai, Guowei; Wang, Jianyuan

doi:10.1049/iet-pel.2014.0428

Cited by 18 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Various PWM techniques are employed by researchers on MLC based BSSs. However, the most popular one is phase-shifted PWM (PS-PWM) method as it is extensively utilised in MMCs [67,83,164,165,167,169,170,172,173,[197][198][199][200] and CSM-MLCs [38,65,119,122,123,159,175,177,180,186,194,[201][202][203][204][205]. In PS-PWM, carriers of subsequent SMs are shifted in phase and phase-shift angle is determined by the number of SMs.…”

Section: Pulse Width Modulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bidirectional DC–DC converter based multilevel battery storage systems for electric vehicle and large‐scale grid applications: A critical review considering different topologies, state‐of‐charge balancing and future trends

Eroğlu

Kurtoğlu

Vural

2021

IET Renewable Power Gen

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The expanding share of renewable energy sources (RESs) in power generation and rise of electric vehicles (EVs) in transportation industry have increased the significance of energy storage systems (ESSs). Battery is considered as the most suitable energy storage technology for such systems due to its reliability, compact size and fast response. Power converters are vital for the integration of batteries into power grid and EVs as they play an active role in both power conversion and battery management. Multilevel converters (MLCs) are types of power converters and attract widespread interest due to their improved power quality, reliability and modularity. There are two main challenges in MLC based battery storage systems (BSSs) which are selecting a proper MLC topology and balancing state‐of‐charges (SOCs) of batteries. Although some research has been carried out on either MLCs or SOC balancing, no single study exists which presents a comprehensive review on MLC based BSSs for large‐scale grid and EV applications. This paper begins by reviewing several major battery storage technologies that are utilised in MLC based BSSs. Later on, a systematical review of commonly used and recently proposed MLC topologies for BSSs are provided along with different control schemes for MLCs by specifically focusing on SOC balancing techniques. Finally, potential challenges and suggestions for future improvement of MLC based BSSs are addressed.

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Section: Pulse Width Modulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bidirectional DC–DC converter based multilevel battery storage systems for electric vehicle and large‐scale grid applications: A critical review considering different topologies, state‐of‐charge balancing and future trends

Eroğlu

Kurtoğlu

Vural

2021

IET Renewable Power Gen

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“…Simulation tests of PET with two seven-level CHB inverters (eighteen H-bridges), nine DABs and nine MF transformers are time-consuming, especially due to the high number of switching U HB = γ ¢ U C , (10) I HB = γ ¢ I, (12) where: U o -the output voltage of a single H-bridge.…”

Section: The Matlab-simulink Model Of Chb Convertermentioning

confidence: 99%

Power electronic transformer based on cascaded H-bridge converter

Morawiec¹,

Lewicki²

2017

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences

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Abstract. In this paper the control strategy of power electronic transformer (PET) is proposed. The analyzed structure of PET uses two seven-level cascaded H-bridge (CHB) rectifiers. The electrical power of PET is transferred between DC-links of CHB converters using dual-active-bridges (DABs) and low voltage high frequency transformers. The roposed solution allows for controlling the active and reactive power with a low level of harmonic distortions. The DC-link voltages and the load of the utilized H-bridges are controlled using appropriate modulation strategy. The theoretical issues are confirmed by simulation and experimental results. Each cell of a CHB converter includes an single-phase inverter, a capacitive DC-link and a rectifier. The voltage sources connected to the cells have to be independent or isolated [7,12]. The galvanic isolation can be realized using grid-connected single-phase or multi-phase transformers [7] or using isolated DC-DC converters in CHB converter topology [13]. The application of DC-DC converters with high-or medium-frequency transformers makes the inverter cheaper and smaller. This paper concentrates on the structure and the control system of a power electronic transformer which is based on double CHB inverters. Such a PET configuration is presented in Fig. 1. The structure of power electronic transformer consists of two seven-level CHB converters, and the single cell of PET is shown in Fig. 2. The DABs with MF transformers transfer the energy between DC-link circuits. The presented solution reduces the size and cost of overall converter structures. The main task of the control algorithms for single CHB inverter is to generate the output voltage correctly and to maintain uniform voltage distribution on the DC-link capacitors. While the output voltage is generated, the DC-link voltages of the CHB converter vary depending on the CHB output voltage and current. The DC-link voltages can be equalized by sharing the generated output voltage between the H-bridges [14], by modifying their modulation indexes [15] or using fuzzy logic control loop [11].

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“…Thus it has also been demonstrated that multilevel converters can not only perform essential string balancing operations, but also adapt to battery strings as they degrade, reducing the barriers to use of already degraded batteries such as second life electric vehicle batteries. An aspect consistent across papers published in the field, is the lack of justification for the number of levels chosen in their analyses [2,3,6,7]. While this is not a criticism of the research, and certainly does not invalidate their efforts, some sort of analytical method for evaluating multilevel converters of increasing order would be of use in moving this technology from research into industrial application.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Switching loss optimisation of cascaded H-bridge converters for bidirectional grid-tie battery energy storage systems

Petersen

Stone

Foster

et al. 2017

IECON 2017 - 43rd Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society

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Abstract-Multilevel converters are an emerging industrial technology and are the subject of a substantial amount of research. However, they are yet to find their way into many mainstream engineering applications. This paper presents a method of quantifying the benefits and disadvantages of multilevel converters of increasing order. The analysis focuses on the cascaded H-bride topology for grid-tie battery inverter applications. The analysis includes both semiconductors losses and semiconductor driver losses. It is shown that multilevel converters can have significant benefits over their conventional counterparts, but that more levels is not necessarily better. This paper's important result is to create a quantitative measure of the pros and cons of multilevel architecture.

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Reliable transformerless battery energy storage systems based on cascade dual‐boost/buck converters

Cited by 18 publications

References 29 publications

Bidirectional DC–DC converter based multilevel battery storage systems for electric vehicle and large‐scale grid applications: A critical review considering different topologies, state‐of‐charge balancing and future trends

Bidirectional DC–DC converter based multilevel battery storage systems for electric vehicle and large‐scale grid applications: A critical review considering different topologies, state‐of‐charge balancing and future trends

Power electronic transformer based on cascaded H-bridge converter

Switching loss optimisation of cascaded H-bridge converters for bidirectional grid-tie battery energy storage systems

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