Removal of heavy metals from storm and surface water by slow sand filtration: the importance of speciation

Muhammad, Nur Shazwani; Parr, J. F.; Tj, Smith; Wheatley, Andrew D.

doi:10.1080/15730620500042320

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The TOC concentrations in our study (Table 5) are elevated compared to the TOC concentration (12 mg L À1 ) found in the study by Muhammad et al (2005). They showed that an increased TOC concentration improved metal removal, while increases in flow rates decreased the removal of metals in a slow sand filter.…”

Section: Presence and Removal And Ratio Between Total And Dissolved F...contrasting

confidence: 46%

“…The filter sand used in our study had a particle size between the filter sands used in theKandasamy et al (2008) andSiriwardene et al (2007) studies and in both cases, we found higher removal efficiency of dissolved Zn (,0.45 μm) during the studied runoff events. In general, studies of stormwater treatment had focus on slow sand filters e.g.,Muhammad et al (2005),Egemose (2018) andSiriwardene et al (2007).McDowell-Boyer et al (1986) discussed particle straining where very small particles relative to the porous media grain size can be removed from solution by physical and chemical forces between particles and the…”

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confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of a sand filter material for road runoff treatment– pilot-scale field trial focused on copper and zinc removal

Hallberg

Renman

Berndtsson

et al. 2022

Water Practice and Technology

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The effects of stormwater discharges on receiving aquatic environments and the need for their purification were highlighted by an EU court in May 2020. The ruling stated the need for removal of dissolved pollutants, which justifies field studies for development of far-reaching methods for runoff treatment. In this study, a standard sand was used as medium for road runoff filtration and removal of dissolved and particle-bound (<0.45 μm) zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu). Data included 24 road runoff events, mimicking the flow variations and pollutant emissions over a seven-month period. The findings showed that sand can be used to remove Zn and Cu from road runoff in a gravity fed treatment system at a surface load ranging from 16.8 to 201 L m−2 h−1. The removal of total Zn and Cu was 93 and 67%, respectively. Dissolved Zn was efficiently removed by the sand (87%), however not Cu (19%). The sand efficiently removed total suspended solids (TSS) from maximum occurring 443 mg L−1 to below 5 mg L−1. No head loss due to the TSS loadings was observed. The sand's potential to remove the investigated metals was shown, but in the longer term, effluent concentrations may exceed permit values.

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Section: Presence and Removal And Ratio Between Total And Dissolved F...contrasting

confidence: 46%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of a sand filter material for road runoff treatment– pilot-scale field trial focused on copper and zinc removal

Hallberg

Renman

Berndtsson

et al. 2022

Water Practice and Technology

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show abstract

“…[16] The organic natural substances present in water are mainly humic acids, sometimes amino acids, polysaccharides, and proteins. Other, mostly manmade, pollutants such as heavy metals, sewage, and synthetic hormones [18][19][20] can also be present. The natural organic humic substances, as well as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, are very common contaminants of water.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Spectrofluorometric Monitoring of Water Purification by Natural Alternatives

Tomečková

Lichardusová

Komanický

et al. 2012

Spectroscopy Letters

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Aim: Determination of efficiency of zeolite and hydrolytic enzymes isolated from earthworms in water purification.Methods: The autofluorescence of water was investigated by fluorescence excitation-emission matrix. The purification of water was carried out with natural zeolite and hydrolytic enzymes isolated from earthworms. These methods were applied to samples that contain ciliates that were detected with atomic force spectroscopy.Results: The zeolite removed ammonia and partly eliminated some organic compounds. The hydrolytic enzymes were efficient in biodegrading organic compounds present in water.Conclusion: Zeolite and enzymes are applicable in water purification.

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Modified biosand filters enriched with iron oxide coated gravel to remove chemical, organic and bacteriological contaminants

Sızırıcı¹,

Yildiz

AlAli³

et al. 2019

Journal of Water Process Engineering

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Removal of heavy metals from storm and surface water by slow sand filtration: the importance of speciation

Cited by 6 publications

References 8 publications

Evaluation of a sand filter material for road runoff treatment– pilot-scale field trial focused on copper and zinc removal

Evaluation of a sand filter material for road runoff treatment– pilot-scale field trial focused on copper and zinc removal

The Spectrofluorometric Monitoring of Water Purification by Natural Alternatives

Modified biosand filters enriched with iron oxide coated gravel to remove chemical, organic and bacteriological contaminants

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