Removal of Pb(II) using Hydroxyapatite from Golden Snail Shell (Pomacea canaliculata L.) Modified with Silica

Abstract

The composites of hydroxyapatite and SiO2 were successfully synthesized. The hydroxyapatite was prepared from golden snail shells (Pomacea canaliculata L). The hydroxyapatite and hydroxyapatite-SiO2 composites were characterized using XRD, FTIR, SEM-EDS. Furthermore, hydroxyapatite and hydroxyapatite-SiO2 composites were used to remove Pb(II) from aqueous solution. Various adsorption parameters such as pH of the solution, contact time, and initial Pb(II) concentration were used to study the adsorption process. The optimum pH of the solution for removal of Pb(II) by hydroxyapatite and hydroxyapatite-SiO2 composite at pH 6 and contact time at 60 minutes. Both adsorbents follow the Langmuir isotherm. The maximum adsorption capacity of the hydroxyapatite-SiO2 composite is greater compare to hydroxyapatite, respectively 135.14 and 123.46 mg/g. The pseudo-second order kinetic model had a correlation coefficient (R2) greater than the pseudo-first order so pseudo-second order kinetic is better to describe adsorption kinetics

Effect of Silica Addition on Mechanical Properties of Eggshell-Derived Hydroxyapatite

“…Figure 2 shows the FTIR spectra of HAp and HAp/SiO2 at wavenumbers 400-4000 cm -1 . All peaks indicate the similarity of phosphate functional groups observed at wavenumbers 900-1200 cm -1 (Hariani et al, 2020). There are OH groups on a wide peak at wavenumbers 3280-3600 cm -1 (Balamurugan et al, 2013).…”

“…The amorphous nature of silica causes silica peaks not to be observed. Silica peaks should be observed at 2 θ around 23° (Hariani et al, 2020). The increasing silica content in HAp brought the crystallite size to decrease, indicating the amorphous silica phase in the composite (Latifi, 2012), which caused a decrease in intensity.…”

“…The reaction produced HAp. The HAp produced was dried at a temperature of 105°C using an oven for 1 hour (Hariani et al, 2020;Asadipour et al, 2019).…”

“…Hydroxyapatite (HAp) is one of the materials that has received considerable attention for its potential to apply in various applications, including biomedical products (Gomes et al, 2019), drug delivery (Taha et al, 2020), and skin regeneration (Pal et al, 2020). Besides, it is also promising in waste treatment (Ibrahim et al, 2020;Hariani et al, 2020) and heterogeneous catalysts (Saha et al, 2018). HAp has the molecular formula Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2, which belongs to the type of apatite material compound [M10(XO4)6Z2], which has a crystal phase of the most stable polycrystalline calcium phosphate compound (Wang et al, 2017).…”

A Critical Review of Snail Shell Material Modification for Applications in Wastewater Treatment

“…Synthesis of hydroxyapatite: This method involves heating the shell to a high temperature to convert CaCO 3 to CaO phase; the process can be supplemented with a variety of acidic solutions [ 97 ]. The thermal treatment range has a large range of values to find the right temperature for each shell.…”