SummaryBackground and objectives Non-renal transplant recipients who subsequently develop ESRD and undergo kidney transplantation are medically and immunologically complex due to comorbidities, high cumulative exposure to immunosuppressants, and sensitization to alloantigen from the prior transplant. Although prior non-renal transplant recipients are one of the fastest growing segments of the kidney wait list, minimal data exist to guide the use of antibody induction therapy (IT+) at the time of kidney after lung (KALu), heart (KAH), and liver (KALi) transplant.Design, setting, participants, & measurements This retrospective cohort study used national registry data to examine IT use and survival after kidney transplantation. Separate multivariate Cox regression models were constructed to assess patient survival for IT+ and IT2 KALu (n=232), KAH (n=588), and KALi (n=736) recipients.