Renewable Energy Assisted Cost Aware Sustainable Off-Grid Base Stations With Energy Cooperation

Jahid, Abu; Monju, Md. Kamrul Hasan; Hossain, Md. Emran; Hossain, Md. Farhad

doi:10.1109/access.2018.2874131

Cited by 56 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Ani and Nzeako et al in [42], discussed the optimization of a hybrid (Solar & Hydro) and DG powered scheme for a remote BS. In order to reduce the NPC, operational expenditures (OPEX) and greenhouse gas emission, authors in [43]- [45] mentioned a hybrid PV/WT system by integrating two renewable energy sources. Authors in [43], [44] explored the various key factors including the optimal sizing, net present cost and greenhouse gas contents for assessing the system performance.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, an Internet of Things (IoT) based sun tracking system increases the generated energy [58]. The required number of solar PV panel (N PV ) to produce a specific output (P p ) can be formulated as follows [45]…”

Section: B Solar Pv Panelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The B DOD of Trojan L16P battery is 70% which implies that 70% of its energy has been delivered and 30% energy is reserved. The B DOD can be calculated as follows [45]…”

Section: F Battery Bankmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The backup time of the storage device is directly related to the capacity of the battery and can be expressed as [45]…”

Section: F Battery Bankmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Solar PV and Biomass Resources-Based Sustainable Energy Supply for Off-Grid Cellular Base Stations

Hossain¹,

Jahid

Islam

et al. 2020

IEEE Access

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Due to the technological revolution and higher user data demand, the telecommunication industry is expanding at an exponential rate. Fulfilling the increasing demand of energy for the rising cellular networks has become a great challenge to the network operators because of the limited reservation of fuel energy sources and the growing concern about global warming. Energy harvesting (EH) from renewable energy sources (RES) has become an overwhelming initiative to minimize energy deficiency and carbon footprints. This paper investigates the feasibility of solar photovoltaic (PV) and biomass resources based hybrid supply systems for powering the off-grid Long Term Evolution (LTE) cellular macrocell base stations (BSs) in Bangladesh focusing the technical, economic and environmental issues. In addition, the green energy sharing technique has been incorporated via a low resistive path for optimal use of RES. The proposed system has enough potential to achieve long term sustainability and reduction of pollution rates by fulfilling the future energy demand of BS. In this work, Hybrid Optimization Model for Electric Renewables (HOMER) simulation-based feasibility analysis is used to assess the optimal system, energy production, total net present cost (NPC), cost of electricity (COE) and greenhouse gas (GHG) emission depending on different system parameters. Furthermore, the performance of the network has been evaluated in terms of throughput and energy efficiency using Matlab-based Monte Carlo simulations. Results demonstrate that the proposed hybrid renewable energy powered BSs would be a reliable and longer-lasting green solution for the telecom sector while maintaining the quality of service (QoS). Finally, an extensive comparison with other systems has also been done to justify network validity. INDEX TERMS Biomass energy, energy efficiency, energy sharing, hybrid power supply, LTE, renewableenergy-powered BSs, solar energy, sustainability. I. INTRODUCTION With the remarkable increase in the number of mobile subscribers and high-speed data demand, cellular network operators are deploying a higher number of base stations throughout the world. According to the Ericsson survey, the number of the global mobile subscriber up to the first quarter of 2019 was around 7.9 billion, with 44 million new subscribers added during this quarter, wherein LTE subscribers are 3.7 billion [1]. Currently, Bangladesh has 88 million unique subscribers and it is expected that at the The associate editor coordinating the review of this manuscript and approving it for publication was Giovanni Pau. end of 2025, this value will be 107 million [2]. Global System for Mobile Communications Association (GSMA) mentiones that at present, the number of universal BSs is above 4 million and it is nearly double from 2007 to 2012 [3]. Base stations are the premier energy consumer of mobile networks which receive 57% of the total consumed energy [4], [5]. Over the last decades, the exponential evolution of information and communication technology (ICT) has...

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: B Solar Pv Panelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The B DOD of Trojan L16P battery is 70% which implies that 70% of its energy has been delivered and 30% energy is reserved. The B DOD can be calculated as follows [45]…”

Section: F Battery Bankmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The backup time of the storage device is directly related to the capacity of the battery and can be expressed as [45]…”

Section: F Battery Bankmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Solar PV and Biomass Resources-Based Sustainable Energy Supply for Off-Grid Cellular Base Stations

Hossain¹,

Jahid

Islam

et al. 2020

IEEE Access

Self Cite

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“…(1) Most of the optimization objectives of IES are to minimize the total operating cost of the system or maximize social welfare [36][37][38][39]. (2) ere are also some studies whose optimization objectives are optimal carbon emissions or environmental bene ts, to achieve the proportion of green energy in the operation of IES system [40][41][42]. ere are still a few studies whose optimization objective is maximal absorption of renewable energy, to improve the proportion of energy supply from renewable energy in IES, so as to achieve better environmental bene ts [43].…”

Section: Optimization Objectives Of Iesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Survey on Optimal Control and Operation of Integrated Energy Systems

Wei

Zhang

et al. 2019

Complexity

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At present, the transformation of energy structure is at a critical stage, and emerging renewable energy technologies and multienergy equipment have been widely used. How to improve the energy efficiency of integrated energy system (IES) and promote large-scale absorption of renewable energy is of great significance to the application forms of energy in the future. The development of new internet technology and sensor technology provides strong technical support for the optimal operation and coordinated control of IES. In recent years, the IES is experiencing unprecedented changes, which has attracted great attention from academia and industry. In this paper, the optimal control and operation behavior of IES are reviewed. Firstly, the research status of IES in recent years is summarized. Then, the modeling methods of different equipment in IES are analyzed in detail. The optimal operation of user, regional, and cross-regional IES are taken as typical research objects and the research status of optimization problems and operation modes, energy management planning, and power market allocation are summarized and analyzed. Finally, the key scientific issues and related frontier technologies in the IES are concluded, and the future research directions are prospected.

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Role of Renewable Energy Policy in Ensuring Net-Zero Carbon Emissions and Energy Sustainability: A Bangladesh Perspective

Islam¹,

Shah

Karim

2023

Springer Climate

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The current global energy crisis along with the climate impacts of non-green energy sources has necessitated the shift toward renewable and sustainable energy. Limited fossil fuel reserves and high climate change vulnerability index of Bangladesh necessitate the country’s need to achieve sustainable renewable energy governance and policy development to guarantee net-zero carbon emissions and energy sustainability. This study illustrates the implementation of national and regional policies in addressing the challenges of Bangladesh’s transition to green energy from fossil fuels. The study contributes in the domain of national and intergovernmental green energy policy by developing recommendations along the Bay of Bengal region to increase the scalability of technologies and innovations, highlighting the opportunities and strengths of Bangladesh being the founding member of BIMSTEC integration.

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Renewable Energy Assisted Cost Aware Sustainable Off-Grid Base Stations With Energy Cooperation

Cited by 56 publications

References 26 publications

Solar PV and Biomass Resources-Based Sustainable Energy Supply for Off-Grid Cellular Base Stations

Solar PV and Biomass Resources-Based Sustainable Energy Supply for Off-Grid Cellular Base Stations

A Survey on Optimal Control and Operation of Integrated Energy Systems

Role of Renewable Energy Policy in Ensuring Net-Zero Carbon Emissions and Energy Sustainability: A Bangladesh Perspective

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