rep-PCR-Mediated Genomic Fingerprinting: A Rapid and Effective Method to Identify <i>Clavibacter michiganensis</i>

Louws, Frank J.; Bell, JA; Medina-Mora, C.; Smart, Christine D.; Opgenorth, D. C.; Ishimaru, Carol A.; Hausbeck, M. K.; Bruijn, Frans J. de; Fulbright, D. W.

doi:10.1094/phyto.1998.88.8.862

Cited by 110 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The 49 strains tested were amplified and produced a single band with each primer set and these sizes corresponded to the expected sizes of the targeted 16S rRNA and 23S rRNA genes respectively. For the ITS region, they produced a band of approximately 1600 bp and the resulting size of the ITS region ranged from 500 to 550 bp (Hirokaku Ochial and Hisatoshi Kaku, 1999 (Louws et al, 1994;Louws et al, 1998 (ERIC) and BOX primers were used to assess the genetic diversity.…”

Section: Pathogenicity Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on Variability, Identification of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. punicae Isolates and Screening of Gamma (γ) Irradiated Seed Derived Progenies and Germplasms of Pomegranate

Peerajade¹,

Moger²,

Patil³

2017

Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci

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Section: Pathogenicity Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on Variability, Identification of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. punicae Isolates and Screening of Gamma (γ) Irradiated Seed Derived Progenies and Germplasms of Pomegranate

Peerajade¹,

Moger²,

Patil³

2017

Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci

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confidence: 92%

“…A cornerstone of subspecies identification in C. michiganensis is the striking host specificity of its plant-pathogenic members. Polyphasic schemes also support the current subspecies classification, but it is noteworthy that the genetic basis for subspecies identification remains unknown (3,16,21,50).To provide genetic resources that could lead to a better understanding of pathogenicity and host specificity for the genus Clavibacter specifically and for coryneform plant pathogens in general, our studies were focused on obtaining the complete genome sequence of Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus (Spieckermann and Kotthoff 1914) Davis et al 1984 comb.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome of the Actinomycete Plant Pathogen Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus Suggests Recent Niche Adaptation

et al. 2008

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Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus is a plant-pathogenic bacterium and the causative agent of bacterial ring rot, a devastating agricultural disease under strict quarantine control and zero tolerance in the seed potato industry. This organism appears to be largely restricted to an endophytic lifestyle, proliferating within plant tissues and unable to persist in the absence of plant material. Analysis of the genome sequence of C. michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus and comparison with the genome sequences of related plant pathogens revealed a dramatic recent evolutionary history. The genome contains 106 insertion sequence elements, which appear to have been active in extensive rearrangement of the chromosome compared to that of Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis. There are 110 pseudogenes with overrepresentation in functions associated with carbohydrate metabolism, transcriptional regulation, and pathogenicity. Genome comparisons also indicated that there is substantial gene content diversity within the species, probably due to differential gene acquisition and loss. These genomic features and evolutionary dating suggest that there was recent adaptation for life in a restricted niche where nutrient diversity and perhaps competition are low, correlated with a reduced ability to exploit previously occupied complex niches outside the plant. Toleration of factors such as multiplication and integration of insertion sequence elements, genome rearrangements, and functional disruption of many genes and operons seems to indicate that there has been general relaxation of selective pressure on a large proportion of the genome.High-GϩC-content gram-positive coryneform bacteria cause economic losses in several crops worldwide, yet the relatively slow in vitro and in planta growth and general genetic intractability of these bacteria have long been deterrents to successful identification of the specific molecular mechanisms by which they cause diseases in plants. Consequently, there is a clear disparity between the amount of scientific research on plant-pathogenic coryneform bacteria and the amount of scientific research on their gramnegative counterparts. Recent advances in this field have coincided with the availability of transformation systems and complete genome sequences for representatives of the genera Clavibacter and Leifsonia, two of the major coryneform plant-pathogenic genera (14,32,48,56,74). Importantly, these advances allowed breakthrough identification of a novel set of pathogenicity-related genes in the tomato pathogen Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis and identification of homologues in other coryneform plant pathogens (15, 27, 32; see the accompanying paper). Because methodologies created for functional analysis of C. michiganensis subsp. michiganensis are generally applicable to other members of the genus, additional advances in this field can be expected in the near future (40, 46).The genus Clavibacter provides an excellent resource for obtaining a more comprehensive underst...

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“…C. michiganensis subsp. michiganensis strains A300 and C290 were isolated from infected plants in Ohio and belong to BOX-PCR fingerprint types A and C, respectively (27). C. michiganensis subsp.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioluminescence Imaging ofClavibacter michiganensissubsp.michiganensisInfection of Tomato Seeds and Plants

Xiao¹,

Miller²,

Baysal-Gurel³

et al. 2010

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis is a Gram-positive bacterium that causes wilting and cankers, leading to severe economic losses in commercial tomato production worldwide. The disease is transmitted from infected seeds to seedlings and mechanically from plant to plant during seedling production, grafting, pruning, and harvesting. Because of the lack of tools for genetic manipulation, very little is known regarding the mechanisms of seed and seedling infection and movement of C. michiganensis subsp. michiganensis in grafted plants, two focal points for application of bacterial canker control measures in tomato. To facilitate studies on the C. michiganensis subsp. michiganensis movement in tomato seed and grafted plants, we isolated a bioluminescent C. michiganensis subsp. michiganensis strain using the modified Tn1409 containing a promoterless lux reporter. A total of 19 bioluminescent C. michiganensis subsp. michiganensis mutants were obtained. All mutants tested induced a hypersensitive response in Mirabilis jalapa and caused wilting of tomato plants. Real-time colonization studies of germinating seeds using a virulent, stable, constitutively bioluminescent strain, BL-Cmm17, showed that C. michiganensis subsp. michiganensis aggregated on hypocotyls and cotyledons at an early stage of germination. In grafted seedlings in which either the rootstock or scion was exposed to BL-Cmm17 via a contaminated grafting knife, bacteria were translocated in both directions from the graft union at higher inoculum doses. These results emphasize the use of bioluminescent C. michiganensis subsp. michiganensis to help better elucidate the C. michiganensis subsp. michiganensis-tomato plant interactions. Further, we demonstrated the broader applicability of this tool by successful transformation of C. michiganensis subsp. nebraskensis with Tn1409::lux. Thus, our approach would be highly useful to understand the pathogenesis of diseases caused by other subspecies of the agriculturally important C. michiganensis.

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rep-PCR-Mediated Genomic Fingerprinting: A Rapid and Effective Method to Identify Clavibacter michiganensis

Cited by 110 publications

References 31 publications

Studies on Variability, Identification of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. punicae Isolates and Screening of Gamma (γ) Irradiated Seed Derived Progenies and Germplasms of Pomegranate

Studies on Variability, Identification of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. punicae Isolates and Screening of Gamma (γ) Irradiated Seed Derived Progenies and Germplasms of Pomegranate

Genome of the Actinomycete Plant Pathogen Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus Suggests Recent Niche Adaptation

Bioluminescence Imaging ofClavibacter michiganensissubsp.michiganensisInfection of Tomato Seeds and Plants

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