Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Addiction

Martinotti, Giovanni; Pettorruso, Mauro; Montemitro, Chiara; Ekhtiari, Hamed; Hanlon, Colleen A.; Spagnolo, Primavera A.; Stein, Elliot A.; Giannantonio, Massimo Di

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-43356-7_11

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 164 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Participants receive considerable information during the recruitment phase and speculate about its effects[ 23 ]. The placebo effect through caregiving, change of environment, and its neurobiological component have been seen in OCD patients as well[ 24 ]. The placebo effect in tDCS has been less in treatment-resistant cases[ 25 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcranial direct current stimulation as early augmentation in adolescent obsessive compulsive disorder: A pilot proof-of-concept randomized control trial

Agrawal,

Agarwal,

Kar

et al. 2024

World J Clin Pediatr

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BACKGROUND Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is proven to be safe in treating various neurological conditions in children and adolescents. It is also an effective method in the treatment of OCD in adults. AIM To assess the safety and efficacy of tDCS as an add-on therapy in drug-naive adolescents with OCD. METHODS We studied drug-naïve adolescents with OCD, using a Children’s Yale-Brown obsessive-compulsive scale (CY-BOCS) scale to assess their condition. Both active and sham groups were given fluoxetine, and we applied cathode and anode over the supplementary motor area and deltoid for 20 min in 10 sessions. Reassessment occurred at 2, 6, and 12 wk using CY-BOCS. RESULTS Eighteen adolescents completed the study (10-active, 8-sham group). CY-BOCS scores from baseline to 12 wk reduced significantly in both groups but change at baseline to 2 wk was significant in the active group only. The mean change at 2 wk was more in the active group (11.8 ± 7.77 vs 5.25 ± 2.22, P = 0.056). Adverse effects between the groups were comparable. CONCLUSION tDCS is safe and well tolerated for the treatment of OCD in adolescents. However, there is a need for further studies with a larger sample population to confirm the effectiveness of tDCS as early augmentation in OCD in this population.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcranial direct current stimulation as early augmentation in adolescent obsessive compulsive disorder: A pilot proof-of-concept randomized control trial

Agrawal,

Agarwal,

Kar

et al. 2024

World J Clin Pediatr

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…As the field progressed, engineers and scientists began designing coils that could depolarize neurons in distributed areas of the brain thought to be involved in a disease state. This led to the development of a new class of coils, known as H-coils, which are capable of stimulating broader, deeper parts of the brain, in some cases bilaterally (Deep TMS) [16,17].…”

Section: Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (Tms)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuromodulation (Brain Stimulation) Technologies for Treatment of Substance Use Disorders

Souki,

Soleimani,

Hanlon

et al. 2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This chapter traces the historical development of brain stimulation technologies and their methodological parameters for treating substance use disorders (SUDs). These methods include Transcranial Electrical Stimulation (tES), Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS), Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS), and Transcranial Focused Ultrasound Stimulation (tFUS). The application of magnetic stimulation in modulating addictive behaviors dates back to the development of TMS for cigarette smoking around 2003 and later for cocaine use disorders around 2007. The development of electrical devices paralleled the early use of direct current stimulation in electrical medicine, starting around 2008 for alcohol and nicotine use disorders. Throughout the twentieth century, electrical medicine evolved, with increasingly sophisticated electronics allowing for new technologies utilizing complex waveforms (first transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) trial in SUD in 2020). Additionally, the first report investigating the effects of low-intensity tFUS neuromodulation for SUDs was published in 2023, demonstrating safety and significant decreases in cravings for all substances. The first systematic reviews on the application of tES and TMS for SUDs were conducted in 2012, indicating that these noninvasive brain stimulation technologies could be promising options in addiction treatment. More than 80% of previous brain stimulation studies targeted the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, intending to modulate regions associated with pathophysiological excitability. However, there was significant variability between and within studies in terms of experimental design and individual responses to brain stimulation for addiction and meta-analyses reported small to medium effect sizes for the effectiveness of these technologies in SUDs. By the end of 2018, only 84 published tES/TMS trials were conducted in the field of SUDs. By the end of 2022, this number had increased to 198 studies. Following a decade of rapid growth, the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) cleared TMS for smoking cessation (FDA: K200957) in 2020. Since then, there has been an accelerating pace of new clinical trials using novel tools and protocols of non-invasive neuromodulation for SUDs, and the list of devices and indications receiving CE marking in Europe is growing. Over the last decade, systematic exploration of the dose-response and individual variability in brain stimulation methods has suggested new approaches to optimize responses. In recent years, there has been rapid growth and expansion of non-invasive neuromodulations as circuit-based interventional tools in SUD research. In 2023, trials emerged using fMRI-informed individualized brain stimulation for SUDs, utilizing fMRI data to inform brain stimulation parameters. This chapter introduces different types of brain stimulation methods for SUDs, emphasizing the unique role of tES and TMS in altering the broader trajectory of brain stimulation research for SUDs. The methodological parameter space and incremental approach have been foundational in outstanding tES/TMS studies, serving as a scientific anchor for the broader (re)discovery of non-invasive brain stimulation in this field.

show abstract

“…Working together with imaging modalities, such as electroencephalogram (EEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), it has been used for mapping stimulation-elicited brain activity [6,7]. TMS has been extensively used to inves-tigate therapeutic efficacies of various neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders [8][9][10] and to assess neurobiological mechanisms underlying brain functions [11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Performance Magnetic-core Coils for Targeted Rodent Brain Stimulations

Bagherzadeh

Meng

et al. 2022

BME Front

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective and Impact Statement. There is a need to develop rodent coils capable of targeted brain stimulation for treating neuropsychiatric disorders and understanding brain mechanisms. We describe a novel rodent coil design to improve the focality for targeted stimulations in small rodent brains. Introduction. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is becoming increasingly important for treating neuropsychiatric disorders and understanding brain mechanisms. Preclinical studies permit invasive manipulations and are essential for the mechanistic understanding of TMS effects and explorations of therapeutic outcomes in disease models. However, existing TMS tools lack focality for targeted stimulations. Notably, there has been limited fundamental research on developing coils capable of focal stimulation at deep brain regions on small animals like rodents. Methods. In this study, ferromagnetic cores are added to a novel angle-tuned coil design to enhance the coil performance regarding penetration depth and focality. Numerical simulations and experimental electric field measurements were conducted to optimize the coil design. Results. The proposed coil system demonstrated a significantly smaller stimulation spot size and enhanced electric field decay rate in comparison to existing coils. Adding the ferromagnetic core reduces the energy requirements up to 60% for rodent brain stimulation. The simulated results are validated with experimental measurements and demonstration of suprathreshold rodent limb excitation through targeted motor cortex activation. Conclusion. The newly developed coils are suitable tools for focal stimulations of the rodent brain due to their smaller stimulation spot size and improved electric field decay rate.

show abstract

Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Addiction

Cited by 4 publications

References 164 publications

Transcranial direct current stimulation as early augmentation in adolescent obsessive compulsive disorder: A pilot proof-of-concept randomized control trial

Transcranial direct current stimulation as early augmentation in adolescent obsessive compulsive disorder: A pilot proof-of-concept randomized control trial

Neuromodulation (Brain Stimulation) Technologies for Treatment of Substance Use Disorders

High-Performance Magnetic-core Coils for Targeted Rodent Brain Stimulations

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About