Replication and Transformation by Papovaviruses

Khoury, George; Salzman, Norman P.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-2733-2_9

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…Although cancer may be due to either spontaneous cell mutation or genetic inheritance, many types of cancer in humans are caused by environmental factors (Doll, 1977;Higginson & Muir, 1973). In fact, various chemical compounds, and ultraviolet, ionizing, and corpuscular radiations, as well as viruses, produce cancer in a wide variety of animal species (see reviews in Hanafusa, 1975;Khoury & Salzman, 1975;Moore, 1976;Nagao, Sugimura, & Matsushima, 1978;Storer, 1975;Upton, 1975;Urbach, 1975). Although no conclusive evidence exists of virus-induced cancer in humans, with the exception of the common wart (Hewitt, 1978), there are data suggesting that herpes-simplex virus 2 is involved in the etiology of cervical cancer and Epstein-Barr virus (herpes-simplex 4) in the etiology of Burkitts lymphoma (Roizman & Kieff, 1975).…”

Section: Phases Of Tumor Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stress and cancer.

Sklar¹,

Anisman²

1981

Psychological Bulletin

320

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Consistent with the findings of human research suggesting that stress may influence the carcinogenic process, data derived from infrahuman experimentation have revealed that aversive insults may potentiate or inhibit tumorigenicity. The nature of the change, however, is dependent on a number of psychological, experiential, and organismic variables. Exacerbation of tumor growth is evident following acute exposure to uncontrollable, but not controllable, stress. Moreover, the effects of aversive stimuli vary as a function of the organism's prior stress history as well of social housing conditions. The fact that stress influences neurochemical, hormonal, and immunological functioning and that these changes are subject to many of the same manipulations that influenced the carcinogenic process suggests a relation between these three mechanisms and the stress-induced alterations of tumor growth. This contention is supported by the findings that pharmacological manipulations that modify these endogenous substrates have predictable effects on tumorigenesis.

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