Report on the Damages to the Sines Breakwater, Portugal

Baird, William F.; Caldwell, Joseph M.; Edge, Billy L.; Magoon, Orville T.; Treadwell, Donald D.

doi:10.1061/9780872622647.184

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…This work suggests that the impulsive pressure field created inside a wave when it impacts a solid surface may be large enough to move nearby bodies, such as armour units, and may explain some of the damage to the Sines breakwater which had a wall at its crest (see Baird et al, 1980). For a wave impact which is sufficiently high-speed and short-lived the impulsive loads on a hemisphere can be much greater than the flow drag or the weight of the body.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

The Movement of Submerged Bodies by Breaking Waves

Cooker

Peregrine

1993

Coastal Engineering 1992

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This paper describes a mathematical model of the large but short-lived forces exerted on submerged solid bodies by a wave impacting on a plane impermeable surface nearby. We consider the forces on a hemispherical boulder situated close to a wave impact on (i) a vertical wall and (ii) a steep slope. We show that for certain positions of the body and for a sufficiently strong wave impact the impulsive force on the body can be much greater than either the flow drag or the weight of the boulder. For a body which is free to move under the wave impulse we compute the body's initial velocity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

The Movement of Submerged Bodies by Breaking Waves

Cooker

Peregrine

1993

Coastal Engineering 1992

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“…Of particular importance would be the (apparent) increase of damage to large rubble breakwaters in the late 1970s, epitomised by the substantial damage at Sines (Portugal), Arzew (Libya), San Ciprian (Spain), Diablo Canyon (USA), Gioia Touro (Italy), and Tripoli (Libya). Some of these have been analysed in some detail, particularly Sines (see Baird et al, 1984) but data or analysis on most other failures are far less complete or publically available. Again fewer data are available on damage to rock armoured mounds, although see Willis et al (1988) for damage to berm breakwaters.…”

Section: Example Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Database of Major Breakwaters Around the World

Allsop

Cork

Verhagen

2010

Coasts, Marine Structures and Breakwaters: Adapting to Change

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SummaryThis paper introduces a co-operative project between HR Wallingford UK (HRW) and Delft University of Technology, Netherlands, (TUD) to develop, populate, and then to apply a database on all major breakwaters around the world. It builds on, and revives, similar initiatives that originate in the late 1970s. The paper describes the objectives in developing the database, the structure and content fields of the initial data-base and presents key examples from the work to date. The paper then discusses a number of potential uses of the database and plans for its future development.

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“…Sines harbour on the west coast of Portugal is the best known example, but far from the only one. (See BAIRD et at 1980, YAMAMOTO et al 1981and BRUUN 1979.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Experimental Verification of Numerical Models of Plunging Breakers

Kjeldsen¹

1984

Int. Conf. Coastal. Eng.

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Results of a WAVE-FOLLOWER EXPERIMENT are presented, in which a moving current meter entrained in the crest of a steep Stokes wave and a moving high-speed film camera follows the wave with its non-linear phase velocity. Measurements of wave particle velocities are then obtained both in non-breaking steep wave crests, and in breaking waves. The breaking waves in deep water conditions are obtained by the application of a non-linear sweep frequency modulation technique, and the Stokes wave becomes unstable due to interaction of 13 wave components focused into one single point in space and time, KJELDSEN 1982. The result of this interaction is a large freak wave, breaking as a plunging breaker in deep water. Measured crest particle velocities obtained with the current meter exceeded the phase velocity of this wave with 36 %. Digitalisation of the high-speed film showed that particle velocities at the very tip of the plunging jet obtained the value 2.65 times the linear phase velocity. These results are then compared with predictions obtained from numerical simulations by LONGUET-HIGGINS & COKELET 1976 and VINJE & BREVIG 1980.

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Report on the Damages to the Sines Breakwater, Portugal

Cited by 11 publications

References 3 publications

The Movement of Submerged Bodies by Breaking Waves

The Movement of Submerged Bodies by Breaking Waves

A Database of Major Breakwaters Around the World

The Experimental Verification of Numerical Models of Plunging Breakers

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