Summary:Three different methods for determination of CD34 ؉ cells in G-CSF-mobilized peripheral blood were compared. The methods were: the Milan/Mulhouse protocol, the ISHAGE guidelines for CD34 ؉ cells enumeration and our own protocol. The procedure we have adopted is essentially a Milan/Mulhouse protocolderived methodology combined with a multiparametric approach using the PAINT-A-GATE software analysis program. The samples were collected from 70 patients affected by acute leukemia, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, Hodgkin's lymphoma, myeloma and breast cancer who were scheduled to receive autologous PBSC transplantation. PBSC collection was performed following mobilization with subcutaneous G-CSF at 5-10 g/kg/day. A minimum target of 2 × 10 6 /kg CD34 ؉ cells was considered an acceptable harvest to ensure a safe transplant. On average, three aphereses per patient were performed and a total of 204 apheresis samples were analyzed. Regression analysis of the percentage and absolute number of CD34 ؉ cells, as calculated with each method, achieved an excellent correlation in spite of methodological differences. In fact, both CD34 ؉dim and CD34 ؉ CD45 ؊ events were included in our gating strategy. In the setting of a triple staining associating CD34, CD38 and CD45, we identified a variable fraction of CD34 ؉ CD38 ؉ CD45 ؊ cells which would be otherwise undetected due to its CD45 negativity. To this end, we used a new technology referred to as laser-scanning cytometry (LSC) which allowed the isolation and morphological identification of CD34 ؉ CD45 ؊ cells. By comparing CD34 ؉ CD45 ؉ and CD34 ؉ CD45 ؊ cells, we found that they share a common morphology, thus confirming the hypothesis that the latter are to be considered for CD34 ؉ cell calculation. The median number of CD34 ؉ cells/kg, as calculated by the three methods, was: 4.79 × 10 6 /kg (range 1-570) for the Milan/Mulhouse protocol, 3.9 ؋ 10 6 /kg (range 0.8-498) for the ISHAGE one, and 5.17 ؋ 10 6 /kg (range 2-599) for our protocol.
The median time to ANC and PLT engraftment was 11Correspondence: Dr A Venditti, Cattedra di Ematologia, Università 'Tor Vergata', Divisione di Ematologia, Ospedale S Eugenio, Piazzale Umanesimo 10, 00144 Rome, Italy Received 1 February 1999; accepted 29 June 1999 (range 9-24) and 20 (range 10-70) days, respectively. Our protocol achieved the best correlation between CD34 ؉ cells/kg and time to ANC/PLT recovery according to the Spearman's rank test (r ؍ ؊40 and P Ͻ 0.015 for ANC, r ؍ ؊46 and P ؍ 0.005 for PLT). We conclude that (1) CD45 does not appear the ideal partner of HPCA-2 for determination of hematopoietic progenitors in mobilized peripheral blood; and (2) for clinical application, a single staining with 8G12 appears simple, reliable and feasible when rigorous procedures for sample preparation and acquisition are followed and an adequate software for multiparametric analysis is available.