Reproductive Processes of Marine Animals as Biomarker for Environmental Stress Impact

Gallo, Alessandra; Tosti, Elisabetta

doi:10.1002/9781119143802.ch146

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 108 publications

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“…Compared to non-aquatic organisms, the external fertilization that is present in some key marine species directly exposes the gametes and the early developmental stages to contaminants. Hence, from an ecological perspective, we would like to propose the reproduction as a biomarker of exposure and effect to ENMs in marine environment [ 163 ]. On the other hand, ecotoxicogenomic approach reflects the latest efforts to find sensitive biomarkers to ENM exposure, contributing to gain a complete understanding of the action of ENMs to marine organisms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Era of Nanomaterials: A Safe Solution or a Risk for Marine Environmental Pollution?

et al. 2021

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In recent years, the application of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) in environmental remediation gained increasing attention. Due to their large surface area and high reactivity, ENMs offer the potential for the efficient removal of pollutants from environmental matrices with better performances compared to conventional techniques. However, their fate and safety upon environmental application, which can be associated with their release into the environment, are largely unknown. It is essential to develop systems that can predict ENM interactions with biological systems, their overall environmental and human health impact. Until now, Life-Cycle Assessment (LCA) tools have been employed to investigate ENMs potential environmental impact, from raw material production, design and to their final disposal. However, LCA studies focused on the environmental impact of the production phase lacking information on their environmental impact deriving from in situ employment. A recently developed eco-design framework aimed to fill this knowledge gap by using ecotoxicological tools that allow the assessment of potential hazards posed by ENMs to natural ecosystems and wildlife. In the present review, we illustrate the development of the eco-design framework and review the application of ecotoxicology as a valuable strategy to develop ecosafe ENMs for environmental remediation. Furthermore, we critically describe the currently available ENMs for marine environment remediation and discuss their pros and cons in safe environmental applications together with the need to balance benefits and risks promoting an environmentally safe nanoremediation (ecosafe) for the future.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Era of Nanomaterials: A Safe Solution or a Risk for Marine Environmental Pollution?

et al. 2021

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“…TBT contamination of the local breeding waters was found to be responsible for failure to reproduce and for anomalies occurring in the shell calcification of adult oysters leading to stunted growth. The existence of the bad effects of TBT in some waters is still visible even though its use has been banned for a long time (Gallo & Tosti, 2020).…”

Section: Shell Thickness Indexmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consequently, there is an urgent need to build methods that can diagnose the impact of pollutants anywhere along the hierarchy of increasing biological complexity from molecule to population. The biomarker or biological marker concept is a preferable candidate as a monitoring device to detect and assess the biological effect of pollution on organisms and the quality of the environment concomitantly (Kumari & Khare, 2018;Yaqin, 2019;Gallo & Tosti, 2020;Georgieva et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA damage and shell malformation in Blue Mussel, <i>Mytilus edulis</i>

Yaqin

2022

Akuatikisle: J. Aqua. Coast. & Isle

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Pollutants in waters that cause DNA damage, such as tributyltin, have been known to cause malformations in the mussel shell, which need attention to be studied. Shell malformations or deformities of blue mussels were observed in Norsminde Fjord harbour. The mean shell thickness index of blue mussels from the polluted site was greater than it from expected clean waters. DNA damages detected using the versatile comet assay which expressed as tail length and olive tail moment were evaluated in blue mussels gill cells both in situ and in vitro. The results showed that the average of DNA damages in treatments, namely the polluted site, tributyltin chloride (TBTC) (10 g/l), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) (10 M) were different from the expected unpolluted site. Although comet assay is considered as an unspecific assay, the results proposed the similarity of DNA damage character of blue mussel gill cells when exposed to tributyltin chloride and taken directly from the polluted site. The data obtained are important for assessing the environmental risks created by genotoxic agents, e.g. tributyltin, used as antifouling agents in marine paints.

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