Reserve Polysaccharides Other Than Starch in Higher Plants

Meier, Hans; Reid, J. S. Grant

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-68275-9_11

Cited by 194 publications

(198 citation statements)

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“…Other non-cellulosic polysaccharides, such as gluco-and galactoglucomannans, galactomannans, (1 43)p-~-glucans, and glucuronoarabinoxylans, potentially interlock the microfibrils in some type I primary walls, but are found in much lower amounts (Bacic et al, 1988;Darvill et al, 1980;Maltby et al, 1979;Meier and Reid, 1982). These polysaccharides accumulate in much greater abundance in differentiating tissue, especially in the thickened walls of the seed endosperm or cotyledon.…”

Section: Xyloglucans Interlock the Cellulosic Frame Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Stone (1 984) has shown with a fluorescent-labeled 6. subtilis endo-glucanase that the p-o-glucan is undoubtedly in the cell wall. Actually, many polysaccharides typically found in the primary walls of developing plants, for example, xyioglucans and galactomannans, accumulate in the grossly thickened walls of the endosperm or cotyledon cells, and, after hydrolysis, contribute a sizable portion of sugar to the developing seedling (Fincher and Stone, 1986;Meier and Reid, 1982). In this regard, all cell wall polysaccharides may be vital structural components at one stage of development and storage components at another.…”

Section: Changes In Structure During Cell Elongation and The Metabolimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many of these special polymers appear during secondary wall formation, and the reader is directed to more comprehensive reviews where this chemistry is discussed in detail (Bacic et al, 1988;Darvill etal., 1980;Meier and Reid, 1982;Wilkie, 1979). Although many cell biologists have recently rekindled their curiosity in the cell wall, carbohydrate and natural product chemists have been working on the chemistry of plant cell wall polysaccharides for much of this century, particularly because of the importance of these materials as food and fiber.…”

Section: Future Goals and Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structural models of primary cell walls in flowering plants: consistency of molecular structure with the physical properties of the walls during growth

1993

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SummaryAdvances in determination of polymer structure and in preservation of structure for electron microscopy provide the best view to date of how polysaccharides and structural proteins are organized into plant cell walls. The walls that form and partition dividing cells are modified chemically and structurally from the walls expanding to provide a cell with its functional form. In grasses, the chemical structure of the wall differs from that of all other flowering plant species that have been examined. Nevertheless, both types of wall must conform to the same physical laws. Cell expansion occurs via strictly regulated reorientation of each of the wall's components that first permits the wall to stretch in specific directions and then lock into final shape. This review integrates information on the chemical structure of individual polymers with data obtained from new techniques used to probe the arrangement of the polymers within the walls of individual cells. We provide structural models of two distinct types of walls in flowering plants consistent with the physical properties of the wall and its components.

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Section: Xyloglucans Interlock the Cellulosic Frame Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Changes In Structure During Cell Elongation and The Metabolimentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Future Goals and Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structural models of primary cell walls in flowering plants: consistency of molecular structure with the physical properties of the walls during growth

1993

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“…Fructans have been regarded as second to starch in importance as storage carbohydrates (Meier & Reid 1982, Soja et al 1989), being present in approximately 15% of the contemporary Angiosperm (Hendry & Wallace 1993). The species that contain fructans are distributed within a diverse range of families including Poaceae and Asteraceae, and several families within the Liliales and Campanulales.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since fructo-oligosaccharide accumulation is frequently correlated with plants exposed to low temperatures, it has been suggested that fructans may act as cryoprotectants (Eagles 1967, Wiemken et al 1986, Pollock & Chatterton 1988. Corroborating this hypothesis is the fact that grasses including cereals (wheat, oats and barley) accumulate fructans during winter (Meier & Reid 1982, Pontis & Del Campillo 1985, Pollock 1986, Chatertton et al 1989, Prud'home et al 1993. Also, several species of Asteraceae, as exemplified by chicory (Cichorium intybus L.), accumulate fructans of low degree of polymerization (DP) when exposed to chilling temperatures ( Van den Ende et al 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fructan variation in the rhizophores of Vernonia herbacea (Vell.) Rusby, as influenced by temperature

Dias-Tagliacozzo¹,

Figueiredo-Ribeiro²,

Carvalho³

et al. 1999

Rev. bras. Bot.

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(recebido em 07/11/98; aceito em 24/03/99) ABSTRACT -(Fructan variation in the rhizophores of Vernonia herbacea (Vell.) Rusby, as influenced by temperature). The influence of climatic variations on fructan content in tropical regions is not well known. The present study deals with the effects of temperature on fructan contents in rhizophores of plants of Vernonia herbacea, a native species from the Brazilian cerrado vegetation. Intact plants and fragmented rhizophores were subjected to different temperatures under natural and controlled environmental conditions. Rhizophores of plants in pre-dormant stage (aerial parts showing some yellowish leaves) presented higher fructan content at 5 o C than those kept at 25 o C, whereas in dormant plants (aerial parts absent) temperature treatments did not affect fructan contents. Fragmented rhizophores obtained from dormant plants presented higher levels of fructo-polysaccharides at the end of the experiment than at the beginning of the treatment, regardless of the temperature they were stored, whereas fragments obtained from vegetative plants showed a decrease in fructan content under the same treatments. It was concluded that variations observed in fructan contents are related to the phenological state of the plants prior to the treatment rather than to extraneous temperatures they are subjected to during this stage. RESUMO -(Variações nos frutanos de rizóforos deVernonia herbacea (Vell.) Rusby, em função da temperatura). As relações entre variação nos conteúdos de frutanos e a variação nas condições climáticas e edáficas em regiões tropicais são pouco conhecidas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar o efeito da temperatura no conteúdo e composição dos frutanos presentes em rizóforos de Vernonia herbacea, uma planta nativa do cerrado brasileiro. Plantas intactas e fragmentos de rizóforos foram submetidos a diferentes temperaturas. Ao final do tratamento de frio (5 o C) plantas intactas em início de dormência (parte aérea presente) apresentaram conteúdo de frutanos maior que o das plantas mantidas a 25 o C. Plantas completamente dormentes (sem a parte aérea) apresentaram poucas diferenças no conteúdo de frutanos quando mantidas a 5 ou 25 o C. Independentemente da temperatura utilizada, fragmentos de rizóforos, isolados de plantas em fase de dormência, apresentaram ao final do experimento um aumento no conteúdo de polifrutanos em relação ao início do tratamento; no entanto, fragmentos isolados de plantas em fase de brotação apresentaram diminuição no conteúdo de polifrutanos. Concluiu-se que as variações observadas estão mais relacionadas com o estádio fenológico da planta do que com o tratamento de temperatura.

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The Structures and Architectures of Plant Cell Walls Define Dietary Fibre Composition and the Textures of Foods

Peña¹,

Vergara²,

Carpita³

2000

Advanced Dietary Fibre Technology

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Reserve Polysaccharides Other Than Starch in Higher Plants

Cited by 194 publications

References 182 publications

Structural models of primary cell walls in flowering plants: consistency of molecular structure with the physical properties of the walls during growth

Structural models of primary cell walls in flowering plants: consistency of molecular structure with the physical properties of the walls during growth

Fructan variation in the rhizophores of Vernonia herbacea (Vell.) Rusby, as influenced by temperature

The Structures and Architectures of Plant Cell Walls Define Dietary Fibre Composition and the Textures of Foods

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