Residues of glyphosate and its principle metabolite in certain cereals, oilseeds, and pulses grown in Canada, 1990?1992

Wheat preharvest herbicide application, whole‐grain flour properties, yeast activity and the degradation of glyphosate in bread

“…There is a small possibility that the highest value was found in grains where Roundup Ò was used closer to the harvest date, due to lower degradation of glyphosate. Such concentrations are higher than those reported in the literature with earlier and different commercial glyphosate formulations (Cessna et al, 1994;Wigfield et al, 1994).…”

“…There is a small possibility that the highest value was found in grains where Roundup ® was used closer to the harvest date, due to lower degradation of glyphosate. Such concentrations are higher than those reported in the literature with earlier and different commercial glyphosate formulations (Cessna et al ., ; Wigfield et al ., ). Recently, high levels of glyphosate residues, up to 15 mg kg −1 , were found in grain samples others than wheat, specifically in genetically modified soya bean (Bøhn et al ., ).…”

“…As stressed by Blackshaw & Harker (2016), glyphosate degradation in soils would result from microbial activity. Wheat kernels harvested after glyphosate application would be safe because they contained less than 5 mg kg À1 residues (Cessna et al, 1994;Wigfield et al, 1994). However, the latter studies were performed on earlier versions of commercial glyphosate that contained different adjuvants or surfactants compared to products currently available on the market (Castro et al, 2014;Rissoli et al, 2016).…”