Resonance surface X-ray scattering technique to determine the structure of electrodeposited Pt ultrathin layers on Au(111) surface

Kondo, Toshihiro; Shibata, Masayo; Hayashi, Naoko; Fukumitsu, Hitoshi; Masuda, Toshio; Takakusagi, Satoru; Uosaki, Kohei

doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2010.05.020

Cited by 31 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Angle-dependent XPS and LEED studies of Pt on Au(100) have indicated different growth modes: either layer-by-layer (Frank-van der Merwe growth) [19] or nanocrystallites (Volmer-Weber growth) [1], the latter study reporting that Pt lifts the Au(100) reconstruction at coverages above 0.5 ML. Similar disagreements about growth mode also exist for Pt on the Au(111) surface [20][21][22][23]. STM studies of Pt [23] and Cu [24] have been conducted at the liquid-solid interface on the unreconstructed Au(100) surface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Lifting of the Au(100) surface reconstruction by Pt, Cr, Fe, and Cu adsorption

2016

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The adsorption and growth of metals on the surfaces of other metals is an important topic for studies of heterogeneous catalysis and bimetallic nanoparticles. The surface structure of these systems impacts nanoparticle growth, catalytic activity, and reaction selectivity. In these experiments, platinum, chromium, iron, or copper were vapor deposited on the reconstructed Au(100) surface. The initial growth of each metal was studied by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Each of the four metals form anisotropic rectangular islands oriented in the direction of the gold reconstruction rows. The gradual lifting of the surface reconstruction by increased metal coverage is observed, and the reconstruction is fully lifted after 0.5 ML of Pt, Cr, or Fe, or by 3.3 ML of Cu. After the reconstruction is lifted, the island shape changes from rectangular to square, illustrating the effect of surface structure on growth. Second layer islands begin to form before the completion of the first full layer.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Lifting of the Au(100) surface reconstruction by Pt, Cr, Fe, and Cu adsorption

2016

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“…Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) has been used to show the preferential nucleation of Pt deposit at steps and the following growth into 3D cauliflower-type clusters on Au(111) and Au(100) electrodes under potential control . Yet an epitaxial electrodeposition of Pt on Au(111) is inferred from the X-ray diffraction experiments. , Meanwhile, a Pt film is produced when Pt 2+ replaces a predeposited Cu monolayer on a support. , When electrodepositing Pt from a CO-saturated PtCl 6 2– solution, the resultant Pt film is capped by CO molecules, which restricts its thickness to only one Pt atom . Recently, we found that carbon monoxide can serve as a reductant for PtCl 6 2– , which yields a CO-capped Pt monolayer on Au(111) without potential control .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Au(111)-Supported Pt Monolayer as the Most Active Electrocatalyst toward Hydrogen Oxidation and Evolution Reactions in Sulfuric Acid

Liao

Yau

2017

J. Phys. Chem. C

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As a subnanometer thick platinum (Pt) film can have catalytic properties different from those of the Pt bulk, the research on the preparation and characterization of a Pt monolayer is fundamentally intriguing and may lead to cost-effective fuel cells. We devise an electroless deposition method to fabricate a Pt monolayer and use scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) to characterize its atomic structures. This method involves the use of carbon monoxide (CO) molecules as the reducing agent for PtCl 6 2− complexes, yielding a COcapped Pt film on an Au(111) substrate. The deposition of the Pt film stops at one atom thick. To expose the Pt film, the CO adlayer is stripped off by pulsing the potential to 0.96 V (vs hydrogen reversible electrode) for 3 s in H 2 -saturated 0.1 M H 2 SO 4 . Atomic resolution STM imaging shows that the Pt adatoms arrange in two hexagonal arrays with different atomic corrugation patterns and a notable difference (5.5%) in the Pt−Pt distance at 0.1 V. The Pt film with a larger interatomic spacing of 0.287 nm is 2× more active than that of Pt( 111), and may be the most active catalyst toward hydrogen evolution and oxidation reactions (HER and HOR) reported thus far.

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“…The mechanism of electrochemical nucleation and growth of Pt from Pt(II) solutions on Au(100) and Au(111) has been found to follow the Volmer-Weber growth mode [12,13]. The interpretation of the mechanism of electrochemical deposition of Pt from Pt (IV) solutions is inconsistent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The interpretation of the mechanism of electrochemical deposition of Pt from Pt (IV) solutions is inconsistent. Waibel et al identified a Volmer-Weber growth mechanism [12] whereas Kondo et al identified a Frank-van der Meerwe mechanism [13]. On nanoporous gold, the growth mechanism has been even identified to follow a pseudo Stranski-Krastanov mechanism [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of pretreatment of polycrystalline gold with OH• radicals on the electrochemical nucleation and growth of platinum

Sievers

Hasse

Scholz

2011

J Solid State Electrochem

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The nucleation and growth of platinum on polycrystalline gold was studied by chronoamperometry, cyclic voltammetry, and atomic force microscopy before and after treatment of the gold surface with hydroxyl (OH • ) radicals. Two different procedures of mechanical polishing of the gold surface ("coarse polish" and "fine polish") were applied before the treatment with OH • radicals. The nucleation and growth of Pt was much better reproducible on electrodes which underwent a "coarse polish". The treatment of the Au surface with OH • radicals decreased the number of active sites; however, the nucleation growth mode remained the same (3-D instantaneous). The spontaneous Pt deposition (no externally applied potential) on Au was unaffected by the treatment with OH • radicals. In situ atomic force microscopy experiments showed that the Pt starts to grow only on some of the Au grains, most probably on those which have active sites on their surface. This leads to a roughening of the electrode surface upon Pt deposition. Treatment with OH • radicals did only quantitatively diminish the amount of deposited Pt, but qualitatively the imaging of the Pt growth remained the same. Obviously, the OH • radicals lead to a knockout (decreasing number) of active sites for Pt nucleation, while the nature of the remaining active sites stays unaffected.

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Resonance surface X-ray scattering technique to determine the structure of electrodeposited Pt ultrathin layers on Au(111) surface

Cited by 31 publications

References 35 publications

Lifting of the Au(100) surface reconstruction by Pt, Cr, Fe, and Cu adsorption

Lifting of the Au(100) surface reconstruction by Pt, Cr, Fe, and Cu adsorption

Au(111)-Supported Pt Monolayer as the Most Active Electrocatalyst toward Hydrogen Oxidation and Evolution Reactions in Sulfuric Acid

The effects of pretreatment of polycrystalline gold with OH• radicals on the electrochemical nucleation and growth of platinum

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