Respiratory Disease in a Cohort of 2,579 Coal Miners Followed Up Over a 20-Year Period

Montes, Isabel Isidro; Fernández, Gumersindo Rego; Reguero, Julián R.; Mir, Maria; García-Ordás, Eduardo; Martínez, José Luis Antón; González, Cristina Martínez

doi:10.1378/chest.126.2.622

Cited by 28 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Previous studies have shown that the duration of underground work constitutes a risk factor for the development of silicosis [9] and NTM infections [23]. However, in the current study, our results showed that the duration of employment was not associated with the development of complicated CWP or with NTM infections (Tables III, IV).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 91%

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Mycobacterial infections in coal workers’ pneumoconiosis patients in South Korea

Kim

et al. 2009

Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases

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Coal workers' pneumoconiosis (CWP) is the most common occupational disease in South Korea and is an important factor in the development of infections with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) and non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM). In the current study, we identified mycobacterial species that cause pulmonary infections in CWP patients, using rpoB DNA-PCR-restriction analysis. Among the 129 CWP patients studied, 35 (27.1%) were diagnosed as having mycobacterial infections. Among these, the proportion of NTM infections (21/35, 60.0%) was higher than that for MTB infections (14/35, 40.0%). Of the 21 NTM strains, the most common was M. intracellulare (6/21, 28.6%), followed by M. avium (5/21, 23.8%). We also compared the characteristics of CWP patients between the MTB and NTM infection groups. A higher proportion of CWP patients with NTM infections compared with those with MTB infections had a history of having been involved in rock work (38.1% vs 21.4%), and had complicated CWP (85.7% vs 35.7%) and a past history of TB treatment (61.9% vs 50.0%). We also discovered 3 MTB mutants that are resistant to first-line anti-TB drugs, in CWP patients. These results demonstrate the features of pulmonary mycobacterial infections with a predominance of NTM in CWP patients in South Korea.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 91%

“…The type of work done by the coal miners was classified into 2 groups based on occupational data, as described previously [9], namely: coal and rock work. Coal work included extracting or transporting coal or being in contact with coal on the ground.…”

Section: Medical and Occupational Records And Chest Radiographsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycobacterial infections in coal workers’ pneumoconiosis patients in South Korea

Kim

et al. 2009

Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases

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“…[3][4][5][6] However, there have been only limited studies of the association between COE exposure and COPD. The present study quantitatively estimated individual cumulative COE exposure as well as cigarette smoking and investigated the risk of COPD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 2 Although cigarette smoking is clearly the major risk factor for COPD, there is an increasing recognition that occupational exposures such as in coal miners, hard rock miners, tunnel workers, and concrete manufacturing workers increase the likelihood of COPD. [3][4][5][6] It is estimated from a population based investigation that one in five cases of COPD may be attributable to occupational exposure. 7 Considering the high prevalence of COPD and preventability of occupational related disease, studies on the effects of specific occupational exposure could have a major public health impact.…”

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confidence: 99%

Increased risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases in coke oven workers: interaction between occupational exposure and smoking

Chen

Yin

et al. 2006

Thorax

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Background: Coke oven workers are regularly exposed to coke oven emissions (COE) and may be at risk of developing lung diseases. There is limited evidence for the link between exposure to COE and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD). The aim of this study was to explore the dose-response relationship between COE exposure and COPD and to assess the interaction with cigarette smoking. Methods: Seven hundred and twelve coke oven workers and 211 controls were investigated in southern China. Benzene soluble fraction (BSF) concentrations as a surrogate of COE were measured in representative personal samples and the individual cumulative COE exposure level was quantitatively estimated. Detailed information on smoking habits and respiratory symptoms was collected and spirometric tests were performed. Results: The mean BSF levels at the top of two coking plants were 743.8 and 190.5 mg/m 3 , respectively, which exceed the OSHA standard (150 mg/m 3 ). After adjusting for cigarette smoking and other risk factors, there was a significant dose-dependent reduction in lung function and increased risks of chronic cough/phlegm and COPD in coke oven workers. The odds ratio for COPD was 5.80 (95% confidence interval 3.13 to 10.76) for high level cumulative COE exposure (>1714.0 mg/m 3 -years) compared with controls. The interaction between COE exposure and smoking in COPD was significant. The risk of COPD in those with the highest cumulative exposure to COE and cigarette smoking was 58-fold compared with non-smokers not exposed to COE. Conclusion: Long term exposure to COE increases the risk of an interaction between COPD and cigarette smoking.

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“…The list of candidates for sensitive conditions is preliminary and based on previous health risks reported in the literature for coal miners, findings established from exposure to air particulate pollution, or evidence for kidney or cardiovascular disease related to exposure to toxins found in association with coal mining (Wellenius et al, 2006;Barnett et al, 2006;Navas-Acien et al, 2004Nishijo et al, 2006;Coggon & Taylor, 1998;Sarnat et al, 2006;Noonan et al, 2002). Where to place lung cancer is unclear; risk of lung cancer was linked to diesel particulate matter (Monforton, 2006), but other research found no elevated risk for lung cancer among miners after controlling for smoking behavior (Montes et al, 2004); for this study lung cancer was tentatively positioned in the "sensitive" column. A list of postulated coal exposure-sensitive and -insensitive conditions is provided in Table 1.…”

Section: Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hospitalization Patterns Associated with Appalachian Coal Mining

Hendryx

Ahern

Nurkiewicz

2007

Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A

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The goal of this study was to test whether the volume of coal mining was related to population hospitalization risk for diseases postulated to be sensitive or insensitive to coal mining by-products. The study was a retrospective analysis of 2001 adult hospitalization data (n = 93,952) for West Virginia, Kentucky, and Pennsylvania, merged with county-level coal production figures. Hospitalization data were obtained from the Health Care Utilization Project National Inpatient Sample. Diagnoses postulated to be sensitive to coal mining by-product exposure were contrasted with diagnoses postulated to be insensitive to exposure. Data were analyzed using hierarchical nonlinear models, controlling for patient age, gender, insurance, comorbidities, hospital teaching status, county poverty, and county social capital. Controlling for covariates, the volume of coal mining was significantly related to hospitalization risk for two conditions postulated to be sensitive to exposure: hypertension and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The odds for a COPD hospitalization increased 1% for each 1462 tons of coal, and the odds for a hypertension hospitalization increased 1% for each 1873 tons of coal. Other conditions were not related to mining volume. Exposure to particulates or other pollutants generated by coal mining activities may be linked to increased risk of COPD and hypertension hospitalizations. Limitations in the data likely result in an underestimate of associations.

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Respiratory Disease in a Cohort of 2,579 Coal Miners Followed Up Over a 20-Year Period

Cited by 28 publications

References 19 publications

Mycobacterial infections in coal workers’ pneumoconiosis patients in South Korea

Mycobacterial infections in coal workers’ pneumoconiosis patients in South Korea

Increased risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases in coke oven workers: interaction between occupational exposure and smoking

Hospitalization Patterns Associated with Appalachian Coal Mining

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