Response by Specialist and Generalist Natural Enemies to Agroecosystem Diversification: A Selective Review

Sheehan, William J.

doi:10.1093/ee/15.3.456

Cited by 179 publications

(125 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Parasit ism in vegetationally diverse cropping systems has been enhanced (Letourneau, 1987;Horn, 1988), decreased (Smith, 1976b;Andow and Risch, 1987) or has shown no change (Altieri, 1984;Letourneau, 1990) compared with crop monocultures. Sheehan ( 1986) argued that veg etational diversity may interfere with specialist parasitoid searching abilities because of masking of chemical cues used to orient to their hosts or inability to recognize patch boundaries. Andow ( 1991 ) suggested that the increased plant struc tural complexity (the way that plant surface area is connected together, see Andow and Prokrym, 1990) inherent in diversified cropping systems may interfere with parasitoid host-finding.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abundance, growth rate and parasitism of Brevicoryne brassicae and Myzus persicae (Homoptera: Aphididae) on broccoli grown in living mulches

Costello

Altieri

1995

Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment

101

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In 1990 and 1991, populations of the cabbage aphid, Brevicoryne brassicae, and the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae, were monitored on broccoli interplanted with three leguminous cover crops (the living mulches) and compared with broccoli without cover crop (clean cultivation). The cover crops used were white clover ( Trifolium repens L.), strawberry clover (Trifolium fragiferum L.) and a mixture of birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L. ) and red clover (Trifolium praetense L.). Fertilizer was applied as compost or synthetic fertilizer crossed with cropping system regime. Brevicoryne brassicae can reach pest status in Brassica cropping systems, whereas M. persicae is generally innocuous. Both aphids are attacked by the parasitoid Diaeretiella rapae. Seasonal aphid abundance, parasitism and population growth rates were analyzed.No significant effect of fertilizer was found for any of the parameters analyzed. The living mulches had lower aphid populations overall, although differences with clean cultivation were greatest early in the season for M. persicae and diminished over time. No effect of cropping system on population growth rate was seen for Brevico ryne brassicae, but for M. persicae growth rates were higher in living mulches compared with clean cultivation. Parasitism was highest on clean cultivated broccoli for both aphid species in 1990 and for M. persicae in 1991, but no differences were found for Brevicoryne brassicae in 1991. This suggests that differential population growth rates and parasitism seen for M. persicae are a result of inhibition of D. rapae in the living mulches. Possible reasons for differences in parasitism between the two aphid species in living mulches and clean cultivation are discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abundance, growth rate and parasitism of Brevicoryne brassicae and Myzus persicae (Homoptera: Aphididae) on broccoli grown in living mulches

Costello

Altieri

1995

Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment

101

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“…Rows of non-crop vegetation can provide several ecosystem services, impact arthropod population dynamics (Nentwig 1988), and may also be responsible for a reduction in pest outbreaks (Altieri & Nichols 2004b;Pimentel 1961). The potential mechanisms behind these phenomena have been extensively reviewed (Hooks & Johnson 2003;Smith & McSorley 2000;Andow 1991;Russell 1989;Sheehan 1986).…”

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confidence: 99%

Effects of Weeds on Selected Arthropod Herbivore and Natural Enemy Populations, and on Cotton Growth and Yield

Showler¹,

Greenberg²

2003

Environ Entomol

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“…High plant diversity might have affected insect's abundance and thrips-Orius relationships. Generalist natural enemies such as anthocorids are particularly assumed to benefit from plant diversification, because of the great availability of food sources (Root, 1973;Sheehan, 1986;Russell, 1989).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

INFLUENCE OF COTTON SOWING DATE ON THE ABUNDANCE OF WESTERN FLOWER THRIPS (Frankliniella Occidentalis) AND ITS PREDATORY BUGS Orius SPP. IN ÇUKUROVA REGION OF TURKEY

Atakan¹,

Pehlivan²

2018

JEBAS

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Influence of different cotton sowing dates on densities of pestiferous thrips Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) and its predators Orius spp. [Orius niger Wolff and Orius laevigatus (Fieber)] is not clearly understood. The aim of this study is to find best sowing date of cotton to manage populations of thrips and to find out prey-predator interactions in cotton flowers by use of plastic mulching technique. Field experiments were conducted in the Çukurova region of Turkey during the years

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Response by Specialist and Generalist Natural Enemies to Agroecosystem Diversification: A Selective Review

Abstract: Effects of agroecosystem diversification on searching behavior and success of arthropod natural enemies are poorly understood.

Cited by 179 publications

References 37 publications

Abundance, growth rate and parasitism of Brevicoryne brassicae and Myzus persicae (Homoptera: Aphididae) on broccoli grown in living mulches

Abundance, growth rate and parasitism of Brevicoryne brassicae and Myzus persicae (Homoptera: Aphididae) on broccoli grown in living mulches

Effects of Weeds on Selected Arthropod Herbivore and Natural Enemy Populations, and on Cotton Growth and Yield

INFLUENCE OF COTTON SOWING DATE ON THE ABUNDANCE OF WESTERN FLOWER THRIPS (Frankliniella Occidentalis) AND ITS PREDATORY BUGS Orius SPP. IN ÇUKUROVA REGION OF TURKEY

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