Response of human dental pulp cells to a silver-containing PLGA/TCP-nanofabric as a potential antibacterial regenerative pulp-capping material

Abstract

BackgroundDamage or exposure of the dental pulp requires immediate therapeutic intervention.MethodsThis study assessed the biocompatibility of a silver-containing PLGA/TCP-nanofabric scaffold (PLGA/Ag-TCP) in two in vitro models, i.e. the material adapted on pre-cultured cells and cells directly cultured on the material, respectively. Collagen saffolds with and without hyaluronan acid (Coll-HA; Coll) using both cell culturing methods and cells growing on culture plates served as reference. Cell viability and proliferation were assessed after 24, 48, and 72 h based on formazan formation and BrdU incorporation. Scaffolds were harvested. Gene expression of interleukin(IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, and alkaline phosphatase (AP) was assessed 24 h after stimulation.ResultsIn both models formazan formation and BrdU incorporation was reduced by PLGA/Ag-TCP on dental pulp cells, while no significant reduction was found in cells with Coll and Coll-HA. Cells with PLGA/Ag-TCP for 72 h showed similar relative BrdU incorporation than cells stimulated with Coll and Coll-HA. A prominent increase in the pro-inflammatory genes IL-6 and TNF-α was observed when cells were cultured with PLGA/Ag-TCP compared to the other groups. This increase was parallel with a slight increase in AP expression. Overall, no differences between the two culture methods were observed.ConclusionsPLGA/Ag-TCP decreased viability and proliferation rate of human dental pulp cells and increased the pro-inflammatory capacity and alkaline phosphatase expression. Whether these cellular responses observed in vitro translate into pulp regeneration in vivo will be assessed in further studies.

Evaluation of Resins for Stereolithographic 3D-Printed Surgical Guides: The Response of L929 Cells and Human Gingival Fibroblasts

“…Interestingly, the results of the direct model are in line with the indirect model suggesting that the observed effects are due to the properties of the material rather than physical damage to the cells. Similar observations were reported for scaffold materials in indirect and direct models [ 15 ].…”

“…The direct model requires that cells can attach to the surface of the specimens. Therefore we choose the 24 h frame for incubation which is in line with previous publications [ 15 , 29 ]. Given the future interest in using this technology also for splints, retainers, or aligners resulting in longer exposure times, our results hold relevance in these approaches.…”

“…Therefore, we performed in vitro tests with the L929 cell line which is used for toxicity testing and GF representing a relevant cell type of the oral soft tissue [ 12 – 14 ]. We applied a conventional 2D cell culture model where cells were covered with the 3D-printed specimens (indirect model) or cultured on the 3D-printed material specimens (direct model) [ 15 ]. Furthermore, to mimic the in vivo situation closer an innovative 3D spheroid culture model was used [ 12 , 16 – 19 ].…”

Effect of tissue inhibitor of metalloprotease 1 on human pulp cells in vitro and rat pulp tissue in vivo

“…), transplantation of dental pulp stem cells via biocompatible carriers (Cvikl et al . ), mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and bioceramics (Parirokh et al . ).…”

“…It involves directly sealing the pulpal wound surface with a protective dental material to facilitate the formation of tertiary dentine (Hilton et al 2013). Direct pulp capping strategies previously included the use of calcium hydroxide (Chen et al 2016), recombinant growth factors or bioactive molecules (Iohara et al 2004, Zheng et al 2009), transplantation of dental pulp stem cells via biocompatible carriers (Cvikl et al 2017), mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and bioceramics (Parirokh et al 2018). MTA has been widely accepted as the gold standard for Correspondence: Motoki Okamoto, Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan (tel.…”