Response of Yellow Nutsedge and Soybeans to Bentazon, Glyphosate, and Perfluidone

Abstract

Laboratory, greenhouse, and field experiments were conducted in 1972 and 1973 on the efficacy of controlling yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentusL.) in soybeans [Glycine max(L.) Merr.] with bentazon [3-isopropyl-1H-2,1,3-benzothiadiazin-(4)3H-one 2,2-dioxide], glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine], and perfluidone [1,1,1-trifluoro-N-[2-methyl-4-(phenylsulfonyl)phenyl] methanesulfonamide]. Young nutsedge plants (four- to six-leaf stage) were more susceptible to foliar sprays of the three herbicides than were older (six- to eight-leaf stage) plants. Foliar application of bentazon resulted in slow acropetal translocation of the herbicide, but killed the parent tubers. Good coverage of the foliage by bentazon sprays is essential, because the bentazon frequently kills only the foliage contacted by the spray. Applied as a postemergence broadcast spray, glyphosate injured soybeans severely at rates higher than 0.3 kg/ha, but did not satisfactorily control yellow nutsedge at rates less than 2.2 kg/ha. Perfluidone was active on yellow nutsedge when applied to either soil or foliage; yellow nutsedge was controlled best with preplant incorporated treatments at 4.5 kg/ha. Applications of 4.5 kg/ha perfluidone in the field significantly injured soybeans and reduced yields.

Crop rotation effects on Cyperus rotundus and C. esculentus population dynamics in southern California vegetable production

“…Another possible reason could be the biotype of C. esculentus . Phenological and physiological variations among C. esculentus populations or biotypes could result in differences in growth, reproduction and response to herbicide (Stoller et al. , 1975; Costa & Appleby, 1976; Horak et al.…”

“…These perennials have a remarkable ability to survive adverse conditions and then grow explosively under favourable conditions (Tumbleson & Kommedahl, 1961). Cyperus impact varies with location, probably due to differences in climate, crop rotation or biotype (Stoller et al. , 1975; Costa & Appleby, 1976; Keeley et al.…”

Differences in growth and herbicide sensitivity among Cyperus esculentus clones found in Belgian maize fields

“…Etheridge and Mueller () and Rotteveel and Naber () found that sequential applications of glyphosate and bentazon were required to provide effective C. esculentus control. Good coverage of the foliage by bentazon sprays is essential, because the bentazon frequently kills only the foliage contacted by the spray (Stoller et al ., ).…”

“…Our results are in line with Stoller et al . (), who reported unsatisfactory C. esculentus control in the field with glyphosate rates below 2200 g a.i. ha −1 .…”

Reduction of growth and reproduction of Cyperus esculentus by specific crops

“…Since sprouting of tubers was not influenced by the experimental crops, the effect of crop choice may be expected to complement the effects of herbicides, applied to control the weed by killing sprouted tubers. In this stage of the life history C. esculentus is most susceptible to chemical control (Stoller, Wax & Matthiesen, 1975;Pereira et al, 1987). Secondly, by pursuing a dense crop cover during a long period of the growing season the decrease in growth and reproduction of the weed will be enhanced.…”