Response surface method as an approach to optimization of iontophoretic transdermal delivery of pilocarpine

Huang, Yi‐You; Wu, Shian-Min; Chen, Ming-Fong; Jiang, Tsung-Shann

doi:10.1016/0378-5173(95)04238-5

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Streaming occurs electro osmotically from anode to cathode in this manner, improving the mobility of cationic medicines. Although traditional iontophoresis uses a constant DC current, beat waveform DC has also been used, which has the ability to create large and rapid drug delivery; for example, infiltration of thyrotrophic discharging hormone (TRH) was significantly higher when given by beat structure than when given by constant current [31][32][33] . A beat waveform allows the skin to depolarize and return to its natural state before the next heartbeat begins.…”

Section: Fig 3: Iontophoresis Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

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2022

IJPSR

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The skin is the human body's biggest organ, with a surface region of around 2 m 2 . Generally, the skin was seen as an impermeable boundary. Yet, as of late, it has been progressively perceived that unblemished skin can be utilized as a port for the topical or ceaseless foundational organization of medications. For drugs that have short half-lives, a transdermal course gives a consistent method of organization, to some degree like that given by intravenous implantation. In contrast to intravenous implantation, the passage is non-intrusive, requiring no hospitalization. A method of reasoning to investigate this course exists just for medications exposed to a broad first pass digestion when given orally or those that must be taken a few times each day. That being said, just powerful medications can be directed through this course since there are monetary and restorative motivations not to surpass the fixed estimate past a specific farthest point. Sedate transportation has recently been confronted with two significant challenges. The first is achieving zero request arrival of pharmaceuticals for extended periods. The second is pulsatile or triggered medication discharge, which is the regulated arrival of medications in response to a boost. Polymer-based controlled drug transportation frameworks are becoming increasingly popular due to their ability to maintain pharmaceutical concentration.

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Section: Fig 3: Iontophoresis Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

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2022

IJPSR

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“…Based on the results from the screening, four factors were chosen for an optimization study. The objective of the study by Huang et al [39] was to optimize the operating conditions in iontophoretic transdermal delivery of pilocarpine. First a fractional factorial design with eight experiments and no center points was applied.…”

Section: Multivariate Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multivariate methods in pharmaceutical applications

Gabrielsson

Lindberg

Lundstedt

2002

Journal of Chemometrics

182

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This review covers material published within the field of pharmacy in the last five years. Articles concerning experimental design, optimization and applications of multivariate techniques have been published, from factorial designs to multivariate data analysis, and the combination of the two in multivariate design. The number of publications on this topic testifies to the good results obtained in the studies. Much of the published material highlights the usefulness of experimental design, with many articles dealing with optimization, where much effort is spent on getting useful results. Examples of multivariate data analysis are comparatively few, but these methods are gaining in use. The employment of multivariate techniques in different applications has been reviewed. The examples in this review represent just a few of the possible applications with different aims within pharmaceutical applications. A number of companies are using experimental design as a standard tool in preformulation and in combination with response surface modeling. The properties of e.g. a tablet can be optimized to fulfill a well-specified aim such as a specific release profile, hardness, disintegration time etc. However, none of the companies apply multivariate methods in all steps of the drug development process. As this is still very much a growing field, it is only a question of time before experimental design, optimization and multivariate data analysis are implemented throughout the entire formulation process, from performulation to multivariate process control.

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Clinical Applications of Transdermal Iontophoresis

Kalaria

Dubey

2011

Topical and Transdermal Drug Delivery

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Response surface method as an approach to optimization of iontophoretic transdermal delivery of pilocarpine

Cited by 5 publications

References 13 publications

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Multivariate methods in pharmaceutical applications

Clinical Applications of Transdermal Iontophoresis

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