Response to <scp>CO</scp><sub>2</sub> enrichment of understory vegetation in the shade of forests

Kim, Dohyoung; Oren, Ram; Qian, Song S.

doi:10.1111/gcb.13126

Cited by 33 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 76 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Trees can enhance productivity and modify some anatomical and physiological traits (e.g., iWUE) in response to eCO 2 , but it is not known how they will perform under future climate and c a (Medlyn & De Kauwe, ; Duursma et al ., ; Kelly et al ., ). A positive net effect of eCO 2 on trees can be hampered by the limiting effect of other environmental constraints such as nitrogen (N) availability and water stress (De Kauwe et al ., ; Reichstein et al ., ; Fernández‐Martínez et al ., ; Walker et al ., ; Kim et al ., ). A positive feedback of eCO 2 , for example, in leaf area (if a steady state has not been achieved yet; Körner, ) and NPP, has been reported under current climate conditions in temperate forests where nonclimatic factors such as N availability were limiting (Medlyn et al ., ; Walker et al ., ; Kim et al ., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risky future for Mediterranean forests unless they undergo extreme carbon fertilization

Gea‐Izquierdo

Nicault

Battipaglia

et al. 2017

Global Change Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Forest performance is challenged by climate change but higher atmospheric [CO ] (c ) could help trees mitigate the negative effect of enhanced water stress. Forest projections using data assimilation with mechanistic models are a valuable tool to assess forest performance. Firstly, we used dendrochronological data from 12 Mediterranean tree species (six conifers and six broadleaves) to calibrate a process-based vegetation model at 77 sites. Secondly, we conducted simulations of gross primary production (GPP) and radial growth using an ensemble of climate projections for the period 2010-2100 for the high-emission RCP8.5 and low-emission RCP2.6 scenarios. GPP and growth projections were simulated using climatic data from the two RCPs combined with (i) expected c ; (ii) constant c = 390 ppm, to test a purely climate-driven performance excluding compensation from carbon fertilization. The model accurately mimicked the growth trends since the 1950s when, despite increasing c , enhanced evaporative demands precluded a global net positive effect on growth. Modeled annual growth and GPP showed similar long-term trends. Under RCP2.6 (i.e., temperatures below +2 °C with respect to preindustrial values), the forests showed resistance to future climate (as expressed by non-negative trends in growth and GPP) except for some coniferous sites. Using exponentially growing c and climate as from RCP8.5, carbon fertilization overrode the negative effect of the highly constraining climatic conditions under that scenario. This effect was particularly evident above 500 ppm (which is already over +2 °C), which seems unrealistic and likely reflects model miss-performance at high c above the calibration range. Thus, forest projections under RCP8.5 preventing carbon fertilization displayed very negative forest performance at the regional scale. This suggests that most of western Mediterranean forests would successfully acclimate to the coldest climate change scenario but be vulnerable to a climate warmer than +2 °C unless the trees developed an exaggerated fertilization response to [CO ].

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risky future for Mediterranean forests unless they undergo extreme carbon fertilization

Gea‐Izquierdo

Nicault

Battipaglia

et al. 2017

Global Change Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In terms of the CO 2 fertilization effect, Kimball (1983), Chang et al (2016), Kim et al (2016) and Schmid et al (2016) stated that as CO 2 level increased, vegetation yield changed, and the change was however related to the environment conditions such as light, soil nutrient and soil moisture and temperature. We assume that the CO 2 fertilization effects can be reflected from the changes in photosynthesis and net primary productivity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulated annual changes in plant functional types and their responses to climate change on the northern Tibetan Plateau

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Changes in plant functional types (PFTs) have important implications for both climate and water resources. Still, little is known about whether and how PFTs have changed over the past decades on the northern Tibetan Plateau (NTP) where several of the top largest rivers in the world are originated. Also, the relative importance of atmospheric conditions vs. soil physical conditions in affecting PFTs is unknown on the NTP. In this study, we used the improved Lund-Potsdam-Jena Dynamic Global Vegetation Model to investigate PFT changes through examining the changes in foliar projective coverages (FPCs) during 1957-2009 and their responses to changes in root zone soil temperature, soil moisture, air temperature, precipitation and CO 2 concentrations. The results show spatially heterogeneous changes in FPCs across the NTP during 1957-2009, with 34 % (13 %) of the region showing increasing (decreasing) trends. Dominant drivers responsible for the observed FPC changes vary with regions and vegetation types, but overall, precipitation is the major factor in determining FPC changes on the NTP with positive impacts. Soil temperature increase exhibits small but negative impacts on FPCs. Different responses of individual FPCs to regionally varying climate change result in spatially heterogeneous patterns of vegetation changes on the NTP. The implication of the study is that fresh water resources in one of the world's largest and most important headwater basins and the onset and intensity of Asian monsoon circulations could be affected because of the changes in FPCs on the NTP.

show abstract

“…Increased CO 2 concentrations enhance light-saturated photosynthetic rate and growth under shade (DeLucia and Thomas 2000; Kim et al 2015), and also result in higher soluble carbohydrate concentrations within plants (e.g. Tjoelker et al 1998).…”

Section: Elevated Comentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Differences in species' growth responsiveness and leaf area production might therefore alter vegetation dynamics significantly in atmospheres with elevated CO 2 . Information on the responses of many species to elevated CO 2 is lacking, however, complicating inclusion of the effects of CO 2 concentration on shade tolerance into global models (Kim et al 2015).…”

Section: Elevated Comentioning

confidence: 99%

Shedding light on shade: ecological perspectives of understorey plant life

Valladares

Laanisto

Niinemets

et al. 2016

Plant Ecology & Diversity

231

174

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Shade, in ecological sense, is not merely a lack of light, but a multi-faceted phenomenon that creates new and complex settings for community and ecosystem dynamics. Tolerating shade therefore affects plants' ability to cope with other stressors, and also shape its interactions with surrounding organisms. The aim of this broad review was to map our current knowledge about how shade affects plants, plant communities and ecosystems -to gather together knowledge of what we know, but also to point out what we do not yet know. This review covers the following topics: the nature of shade, and ecological and physiological complexities related to growing under a canopy; plants' capability of tolerating other stress factors while living under a shade -resource trade-offs and polytolerance of abiotic stress; ontogenetic effects of shade tolerance; coexistence patterns under the canopy -how shade determines the forest structure and diversity; shade-induced abiotic dynamics in understorey vegetation, including changing patterns of irradiance, temperature and humidity under the canopy; shade-driven plant-plant and plant-animal interactions -how shade mediates facilitation and stress, and how it creates differentiated environment for different herbivores and pollinators, including the role of volatile organic compounds. We also discuss the ways how vegetation in understorey environments will be affected by climate change, as shade might play a significant role in mitigating negative effects of climate change. Our review shows that living under a shade affects biotic and abiotic stress tolerance of plants, it also influences the outcomes of both symbiotic and competitive plant-plant and plant-animal interactions in a complex and dynamic manner. The current knowledge of shade-related mechanisms is rather ample, however there is much room for progress in integrating different implications of the multifaceted nature of shade into consistent and integral understanding how communities and ecosystems function.

show abstract

Response to CO₂ enrichment of understory vegetation in the shade of forests

Cited by 33 publications

References 76 publications

Risky future for Mediterranean forests unless they undergo extreme carbon fertilization

Risky future for Mediterranean forests unless they undergo extreme carbon fertilization

Simulated annual changes in plant functional types and their responses to climate change on the northern Tibetan Plateau

Shedding light on shade: ecological perspectives of understorey plant life

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Response to CO2 enrichment of understory vegetation in the shade of forests

Cited by 33 publications

References 76 publications

Risky future for Mediterranean forests unless they undergo extreme carbon fertilization

Risky future for Mediterranean forests unless they undergo extreme carbon fertilization

Simulated annual changes in plant functional types and their responses to climate change on the northern Tibetan Plateau

Shedding light on shade: ecological perspectives of understorey plant life

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Response to CO₂ enrichment of understory vegetation in the shade of forests