Restricciones pragmáticas y sociales en la expresión de futuridad en el español de Puerto Rico

Claes, Jeroen; López, Luis

doi:10.1075/sic.8.1.03cla

Cited by 26 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“… 12 An anonymous reviewer suggested that perhaps the ongoing change in pronoun use begins in the Caribbean and then is accelerated in the NYC contact setting, which is arguably the case for the increasing use of the periphrastic construction to express futurity (Orozco 2007; Claes & Ortiz López 2011). If we apply this line of thinking to pronoun use in NYC, then the women effect among Cubans could perhaps be traced back to Cuba and, therefore, attributed to the common situation in monolingual settings where women lead change.…”

Section: Notesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social class and gender impacting change in bilingual settings: Spanish subject pronoun use in New York

Shin

Otheguy

2013

Lang. Soc.

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A B S T R A C TThis study examines the role of social class and gender in an ongoing change in Spanish spoken in New York City (NYC). The change, which has to do with increasing use of Spanish subject pronouns, is correlated with increased exposure to life in NYC and to English. Our investigation of six different national-origin groups shows a connection between affluence and change: the most affluent Latino groups undergo the most increase in pronoun use, while the least affluent undergo no change. This pattern is explained as further indication that resistance to linguistic change is more pronounced in poorer communities as a result of denser social networks. In addition we find a women effect: immigrant women lead men in the increasing use of pronouns. We argue that the women effect in bilingual settings warrants a reevaluation of existing explanations of women as leaders of linguistic change. (Language change, social class, gender, bilingualism, Spanish in the US, pronouns)* I N T R O D U C T I O NIn monolingual settings, gender and social class have been shown to be relevant variables in our understanding of language change. But are these variables also relevant to language change in bilingual settings and, more specifically, in immigrant bilingual settings? In this article we examine an ongoing change in the Spanish spoken in New York City (NYC), and find evidence that this change occurs most rapidly among the more affluent Latino communities and among women.

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Section: Notesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social class and gender impacting change in bilingual settings: Spanish subject pronoun use in New York

Shin

Otheguy

2013

Lang. Soc.

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“…The effect of certainty in previous research indicated that the MF is a marker of uncertainty (Blas Arroyo 2008) and the PF is a marker of either certainty (Gudmestad and Geeslin 2011, NS group) or neither certainty nor uncertainty (Claes and Ortiz López 2011) in Spanish NSs. L2 learners in Gudmestad and Geeslin (2011) were not sensitive to this variable.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…With respect to temporal distance, previous research seemed to converge on the PF as the form that is not marked for temporal distance, the PI as the close future form, and the MF as the distant future form (Blas Arroyo 2008;Claes and Ortiz López 2011;Díaz-Campos and Escalona Torres 2018;Gudmestad and Geeslin 2011;Kanwit 2021;Kanwit and Solon 2013). For both groups in the current study, the results regarding the PF and PI were similar and reflected the trend previously attested in the literature.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…In terms of certainty, studies in monolingual varieties showed that, while the PF is used in unmarked contexts, the MF is used where there is uncertainty (Blas Arroyo 2008;Claes and Ortiz López 2011). Certainty was also a significant factor for Gudmestad and Geeslin's (2011) native speaker (NS) control group.…”

Section: Future-time Expression In Monolingual Varietiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Specifically, when a certainty marker was present, the PF was used more often than the other two variants. With regard to temporal distance, previous research indicated that the PI is more likely to be used for immediate events, PF for intermediate events, and MF for distant events (Blas Arroyo 2008;Claes and Ortiz López 2011;Díaz-Campos and Escalona Torres 2018;Orozco 2005). Within the SLA variationist literature, Kanwit and Solon (2013) reported on two NS control groups (one from Valencia, Spain, and one from Merida, Mexico).…”

Section: Future-time Expression In Monolingual Varietiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Variable Future-Time Expression in Spanish: A Comparison between Heritage and Second Language Learners

2021

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This paper examines the expression of futurity in Spanish, specifically the periphrastic future (PF), the morphological future (MF), and the present indicative (PI) in heritage language learners (HLLs) and second language learners (L2 learners), a comparison that allowed us to explore whether linguistic experience provides HLLs an advantage over L2 learners in the domain of morphosyntax. These forms (PF, MF, and PI) are regulated by certainty, temporal distance, and the presence of temporal adverbials. Previous research showed that L2 learners acquire some of these linguistic constraints and that HLLs tend to reduce the MF to modal uses. Data from a contextualized acceptability judgment task completed by 46 HLLs and 42 L2ers manipulated for verb form, certainty, temporal distance, and adverb and revealed that (i) the PF and the MF were generally rated higher than the PI, (ii) HLLs were sensitive to the three linguistic factors examined, while the L2ers’ sensitivity was modulated by proficiency, and, relatedly, (iii) the two groups differed in the effect of proficiency. For the L2 learners, an increase in proficiency led to a closer pattern to that of monolingual native speakers (only for temporal distance). Differences in exposure to and instruction in Spanish are discussed as possible sources of these differences.

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El futuro es perifrástico

Kyzar

2018

Current Issues in Linguistic Theory

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In this study of the expression of futurity in the Spanish of Mexicans residing in the Baton Rouge, Louisiana, metropolitan area, I explore the distribution of the variants of futurity – the morphological future (MF), the periphrastic future (PF) and the simple present (SP) – and the constraints conditioning their occurrence. The results indicate that the PF registers the highest rate of occurrence with a frequency of 72.0% to the detriment of the MF. In comparison with other studies (cf. Gutiérrez 1995; Orozco 2007a), the PF is the most favored variant at the expense of the others. The type of verb, as reported in previous studies (cf. Orozco 2005, 2007a), is the linguistic constraint that most strongly influences the expression of futurity. Regarding social constraints, level of education conditions the use of the future. The lack of statistical significance for gender suggests that women and men have similar sociolinguistic behaviors. This opens the possibility of exploring other linguistic variables in other bilingual Mexican communities to determine whether the social trends that are found are limited to the expression of futurity or to the communities under study.

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Restricciones pragmáticas y sociales en la expresión de futuridad en el español de Puerto Rico

Cited by 26 publications

References 2 publications

Social class and gender impacting change in bilingual settings: Spanish subject pronoun use in New York

Social class and gender impacting change in bilingual settings: Spanish subject pronoun use in New York

Variable Future-Time Expression in Spanish: A Comparison between Heritage and Second Language Learners

El futuro es perifrástico

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