Retrospective analysis of the prognostic role of p16 protein inactivation in plasma in patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer

Expression of p16 in non-small cell lung cancer and its prognostic significance: A meta-analysis of published literatures

“…In histology, the immunohistochemical low expression of p16 is as a better marker of progression risk in lung squamous carcinoma than adenocarcinoma. Some reports have pointed out the trend that the lack of p16 expression was significantly more frequent in squamous carcinoma and less common in adenocarcinoma [11,13,33], we could not find such difference in our paper (P = 0.075). Some individual study believed that aberrant p16 promotor methylation would be an early event in lung cancer and may constitute a new biomarker for early detection risk assessment [52], which had some kind of relationship with our findings that p16 low expression also tended to be a significant predictor of poorer prognosis in early stage NSCLC patients.…”

“…Another four articles were excluded because small cell lung cancer, or breast cancer, prostate cancer were enrolled in the studies [35,[40][41][42]. Eight studies could not provide the available survival data to calculate HR [32,34,[36][37][38][44][45][46], the remaining three studies were given up for continuous variable data [39], detection p16 in blood sample [33] or with FISH [43]. Finally, 16 studies were given up shown in Table 1 [25,[31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46], 20 retrospective trials were chosen for meta-analysis in Table 2 [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]…”

Circulating tumor cells versus circulating tumor DNA in lung cancer—which one will win?

“…The amounts of ctDNA present in in lung cancer patient samples give important diagnostic and prognostic information about the disease (114,115). However, the most important advantage of this technology is that it enables such analyses via easily obtained, minimallyinvasive samples which are likely to reflect any genomic abnormalities present in the original neoplasm, giving insights into the types of mutations, indels, chromosomal rearrangements, chromosomal region gains or losses, and epigenetic modifications present (54,(116)(117)(118). Given the small proportion of ctDNA present in the total cfDNA samples obtained, it is important to select the correct methods for its isolation and analysis; several highly sensitive techniques have been developed for the latter, ranging from PCR-based to more complex methodologies using NGS (summarized in Figure 2).…”

Circulating Cell-Free DNA: A Potential Biomarker in Lung Cancer

“…To increase sensitivity, epigenetic biomarkers have been studied in combination with other potential biomarkers, including loss of heterozygosity (LOH) and KRAS [81,82]. LOH and microsatellite instability can be identified by PCR-based assays that compare normal tissue and cfDNA [46].…”