Review of proteomics approach to eye diseases affecting the anterior segment

Aghamollaei, Hossein; Parvin, Shahram; Shahriary, Alireza

doi:10.1016/j.jprot.2020.103881

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 160 publications

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“…Crystallins are one of the most abundant proteins present in human lens. Their main role is to regulate the refractive index of the lens, help with the precipitation of the denaturated proteins and increase cellular tolerance to stress [ 80 ]. In this case of crystallins, quantitative proteomics included the iTRAQ methodology [ 76 , 77 , 79 ], MALDI TOF/TOF mass spectrometry [ 78 ].…”

Section: Tears As a Source Of Information About Eye Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Tear Proteomic Profile in Ocular Diseases

Winiarczyk

Biela

Michalak

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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The search for proteomic biomarkers in ocular disease is one of the most important research directions in recent years. Reliable biomarkers can be an immense adjuvant for both diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. There is no more readily available ocular tissue for proteomic analysis than tear film, which makes an interesting target for the biomarker search. Tear film is a complex fluid consisting of a superficial lipid layer, which covers the aqueous-mucous layer. Its complexity makes it a perfect candidate for all the “omics” approaches. Glaucoma, cataract, age-related macular degeneration, and other diseases are commonly thought to have a multifactorial background. Currently, no reliable non-invasive tests are available that would help physicians with screening and further patient management. The aim of the study is to present modern methods of measuring biomarkers in tears, with particular emphasis on spectrometric methods, and to discuss their diagnostic and therapeutic usefulness.

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Section: Tears As a Source Of Information About Eye Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Tear Proteomic Profile in Ocular Diseases

Winiarczyk

Biela

Michalak

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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“…Identification of clinically applicable molecular biomarkers is an area of active investigation, and omics disciplines are essential in ongoing studies. Many proteomics and metabolomics works have been carried out to identify altered molecules in glaucoma patients compared to control individuals with or without age-related cataracts, obtaining a large number of dysregulated species in different biological tissues and fluids, including tear film, aqueous humor, trabecular meshwork cells, and blood (serum) [ 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 ]. The high numbers of studies have provided hundreds of proteins and metabolites (>450) suggestive of association with the disease, but whether any of the candidate biomarkers proposed is the cause or consequence of glaucoma remains a matter of debate.…”

Section: Molecular Biomarkersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Candidate Glaucoma Biomarkers: From Proteins to Metabolites, and the Pitfalls to Clinical Applications

Cueto

Álvarez

García

et al. 2021

Biology

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Glaucoma is an insidious group of eye diseases causing degeneration of the optic nerve, progressive loss of vision, and irreversible blindness. The number of people affected by glaucoma is estimated at 80 million in 2021, with 3.5% prevalence in people aged 40–80. The main biomarker and risk factor for the onset and progression of glaucoma is the elevation of intraocular pressure. However, when glaucoma is diagnosed, the level of retinal ganglion cell death usually amounts to 30–40%; hence, the urgent need for its early diagnosis. Molecular biomarkers of glaucoma, from proteins to metabolites, may be helpful as indicators of pathogenic processes observed during the disease’s onset. The discovery of human glaucoma biomarkers is hampered by major limitations, including whether medications are influencing the expression of molecules in bodily fluids, or whether tests to validate glaucoma biomarker candidates should include human subjects with different types and stages of the disease, as well as patients with other ocular and neurodegenerative diseases. Moreover, the proper selection of the biofluid or tissue, as well as the analytical platform, should be mandatory. In this review, we have summarized current knowledge concerning proteomics- and metabolomics-based glaucoma biomarkers, with specificity to human eye tissue and fluid, as well the analytical approach and the main results obtained. The complex data published to date, which include at least 458 different molecules altered in human glaucoma, merit a new, integrative approach allowing for future diagnostic tests based on the absolute quantification of local and/or systemic biomarkers of glaucoma.

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“…It is also thus feasible to hypothesize that systemic disorders, genetic conditions, or perturbations to ocular integrity and health may all adversely influence expression of proteins in the aqueous humor and other ocular tissues 12 . Disease associations of protein compositions of tear films, AH and vitreous humors have been observed with dry eye, glaucoma, age related macular degeneration, or other pathologies [13][14][15][16][17][18] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proteomic profile analysis of plasma and aqueous humor from glaucoma and non-glaucomatous patients

Pessuti,

Huang,

Banks

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Purpose: Glaucoma, a multifactorial ocular neuropathic and age associated disease, can lead to irreversible vision loss. Diagnosis involves assessing optic cupping (increased cup-to-disc ratios) and structural changes (like retinal nerve fiber layer thinning) through clinical imaging. Elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) is commonly associated with glaucoma, but not always. However, understanding disease progression is hindered by limited access to donor ocular tissue and consistent clinical data. Our study focuses on live patient samples, analyzing their proteome for potential biomarkers to enhance precise diagnosis and monitor glaucoma progression. Methods: Aqueous humor (AH) samples were collected from 36 glaucoma patients (17 male, 19 female), and 35 non-glaucomatous control patients (16 male, 19 female) undergoing cataract surgery. The protein profile was compared using the SOMAscan assay system for proteome profiling. From glaucomatous donors, significant correlations between IOP and cup-to-disc ratios to proteome differences were identified. Results: Correlations in proteins between plasma and AH were identified. These proteins were enriched in pathways related to vascular integrity, inflammatory response, humoral & adaptive immune response, cell-cell & cell-matrix adhesion, and complement activation. Glaucomatous AH exhibited increased protein levels in general. Neurofilament light chain (NEFL) protein correlated with elevated IOP and inflammatory markers, but not with cup-to-disc ratios. Conclusions: Together, our data demonstrate that the proteins identified in this study from glaucomatous donors correspond to both markers of neurodegeneration and those that may inhibit cell proliferation or disrupt vascular integrity.

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Review of proteomics approach to eye diseases affecting the anterior segment

Cited by 9 publications

References 160 publications

Changes in Tear Proteomic Profile in Ocular Diseases

Changes in Tear Proteomic Profile in Ocular Diseases

Candidate Glaucoma Biomarkers: From Proteins to Metabolites, and the Pitfalls to Clinical Applications

Proteomic profile analysis of plasma and aqueous humor from glaucoma and non-glaucomatous patients

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