Review of stabilisation of ferritic stainless steels

Gordon, W.; Bennekom, A. van

doi:10.1179/mst.1996.12.2.126

Cited by 60 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Unfortunately it required expensive purification processes. Gordon and Van Bennekom (1996) have shown that the sensitization of FSS could be reduced with addition of some stabilizing elements like niobium or titanium. So, titanium or niobium carbides are favoured instead of chromium carbides.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of filler wire composition on weld microstructures of a 444 ferritic stainless steel grade

Villaret

Deschaux-Beaume

Bordreuil

et al. 2013

Journal of Materials Processing Technology

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of filler wire composition on weld microstructures of a 444 ferritic stainless steel grade

Villaret

Deschaux-Beaume

Bordreuil

et al. 2013

Journal of Materials Processing Technology

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“…No entanto, trabalhos encontrados na literatura reportam que aços inoxidáveis ferrí-ticos, com baixos teores de elementos intersticiais, são susceptíveis à severa corrosão intergranular (Bond, 1969;Arai et alii, 1987;Tullmin et alii, 1990). Além disso, reduzir o teor de elementos intersticiais em níveis inferiores a seus limites de solubilidade resultaria em uma práti-ca economicamente inviável (Gordon, Van Bennekom, 1996). A sensitização também pode ser reduzida, adicionando elementos estabilizadores, tais como titânio, nióbio e/ou zircônio.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Investigação do efeito do teor de intersticiais sobre o grau de sensitização em aços inoxidáveis ferríticos a 600ºC

Serna-Giraldo

Ide

Magnabosco

et al. 2007

Rem: Rev. Esc. Minas

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ResumoO objetivo do presente trabalho foi investigar o efeito do teor de carbono e nitrogênio em aços inoxidáveis ferríticos com 17%Cr (16%Cr-0,04%C-0,032%N; 17,2%Cr-0,02%C-0,0062%N; 18,5%Cr-0,008%C-0,0213%N) sobre o grau de sensitização (GS). Os aços foram solubilizados a 1200°C e resfriados em água. Tratamentos isotérmicos foram realizados a 600°C entre 5 minutos e 16 horas. Foi realizado o ensaio de reativação eletroquímica potenciodinâmica de ciclo duplo (DL-EPR) em solução 0,5M H 2 SO 4 a (25 ± 2)°C. O GS foi medido através da relação entre as densidades de correntes anó-dicas máximas nas etapas de reversão, i r , e ativação, i a . O exame microestrutural dos corpos-de-prova foi realizado nos microscópios óptico e eletrônico de varredura após ataque metalográfico com reagente Vilella. Os resultados mostram variação do GS com o tempo. Um máximo de GS foi obtido para cada aço e, posteriormente, foi observada diminuição do GS. A intensidade do GS e o tempo de ocorrência variaram em função dos teores de carbono e nitrogênio nos aços. Palavras-chave:Aços inoxidáveis ferríticos, corrosão intergranular, sensitização, técnicas eletroquímicas potenciodinâmicas. AbstractThe purpose of this work was to investigate the effect of carbon and nitrogen in 17%Cr ferritic stainless steels (16%Cr-0.

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“…The titanium and niobium contents required to stabilize the steel in the molten zone have been chosen from these values using practical stabilization formula, which are more common than stoechiometric formula [3][4][5][6]:…”

Section: Metal Core Wire Development and Welding Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If the niobium excess remaining in solid solution in ferritic matrix can improve the mechanical strength at high temperature, the titanium excess has generally a detrimental effect on the toughness, so its content must be adapted to the C and N content in the material [2]. To help to the determination of titanium and niobium contents required for a complete stabilization, some authors proposed "practical formula", more suited than stoechiometric formula [3][4][5][6]. The addition of Ti and Nb can also limit grain growth during the welding cycle, which is an important problem for ferritic stainless steels, by pinning effect thanks to the formation of precipitates at grain boundaries [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To help to the determination of titanium and niobium contents required for a complete stabilization, some authors proposed "practical formula", more suited than stoechiometric formula [3][4][5][6]. The addition of Ti and Nb can also limit grain growth during the welding cycle, which is an important problem for ferritic stainless steels, by pinning effect thanks to the formation of precipitates at grain boundaries [6]. Finally, large columnar grains can be formed in the molten zone [1], having a detrimental effect on the mechanical properties of the assembly, especially on the fatigue behavior.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Weldability of New Ferritic Stainless Steel for Exhaust Manifold Application

Villaret¹,

Deschaux-Beaume²,

Fortain³

et al. 2012

AMR

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Abstract. In the current context of fossil energy scarcity, car manufacturers have to optimize vehicles energy efficiency. This global and continuous improvement includes a change of the exhaust manifold design. Usually in cast iron, exhaust manifolds tend to be mechanically welded in order to fit new constraints such as lightness, durability, efficiency and small size. To achieve such requirements, ferritic stainless steels with high chromium content (19%) and molybdenum (2%) are developed. For the welding, the use of existing filler wire does not satisfy fully the application requirements. This leads to oxidation problems and / or thermal fatigue strength that drastically reduces assembly lifetime. New flux cored wires are developed in the context of this study in order to provide molten zone characteristics close to those of the base metal. Different chemical compositions are tested in order to highlight the influence of stabilizing element on microstructure. Welding tests revealed the major influence of titanium on the grain refinement in the molten zone. A minimum Ti content of 0.45 weight % in the filler wire is required to be efficient as grain refiner.

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Review of stabilisation of ferritic stainless steels

Cited by 60 publications

References 7 publications

Influence of filler wire composition on weld microstructures of a 444 ferritic stainless steel grade

Influence of filler wire composition on weld microstructures of a 444 ferritic stainless steel grade

Investigação do efeito do teor de intersticiais sobre o grau de sensitização em aços inoxidáveis ferríticos a 600ºC

Weldability of New Ferritic Stainless Steel for Exhaust Manifold Application

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