“…As indicated by ovals (i.e., A, B, C, and D) in Figure 7, four remarkable subsidence troughs appear in the suburban areas, whose maximum subsidence rates reach up to 75, 68, 52, and 110 mm/year, corresponding to Shuangjie, Qingguang, Shanghetou, and Jingwu towns, respectively. This confirms that the subsidence rates in the downtown areas have been slowed down due to the reduction of groundwater extraction that has been executed in Tianjin as a municipal management action in recent years [15][16][17][18]. However, remarkable land subsidence has taken place in the suburban areas due to increasing extraction of groundwater primarily for agricultural production [19].…”