RF Front-End Challenges for Joint Communication and Radar Sensing

Bozorgi, Farhad; Sen, Padmanava; Barreto, André Noll; Fettweis, Gerhard

doi:10.1109/jcs52304.2021.9376387

Cited by 22 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Asynchronous transceivers and their negative effect on radar performance were addressed, for example, by Zhang et al [45]. Bozorgi et al [25] analyzed transceiver block requirements, in terms of amplifiers (PA, LNA) and voltage-controlled oscillators (VCO) or phasedlocked loops (PLL) for a modulated FMCW waveform for future JCRS systems at frequencies of 70 -83 GHz. The theoretical analyses of the RF front-end challenges and possible ways to converge the requirements in a single transceiver presented by Bozorgi et al are explored in detail in the present work.…”

Section: B Modellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Those hardware challenges, also addressed by Bozorgi et al [25] and Oliveira et al [3] for both radar-and communication-centric JCRS systems working in the 77 GHz range, such as linearity and efficiency of power amplifiers (PAs) and low noise figure, high gain, and compression point in low noise amplifiers (LNAs) are taken up and extended by further hardware impairments such as non-ideal S-parameters in the proposed work. Our contributions can be summarized as follows:…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluating RF Hardware Characteristics for Automotive JCRS Systems Based on PMCW-CDMA at 77GHz

Lübke¹,

Su²,

Franchi³

2023

IEEE Access

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Joint communications and radar sensing (JCRS) applications are currently being hailed as the innovation of the next generation of mobile communications. The combination of communications and sensor technology on one hardware platform offers various advantages, such as significant savings in space and costs. The two technologies are no longer being optimized and developed side by side, as has been the case in the past, but jointly. The physical channel is used by both simultaneously, including the transmitter and receiver structures, which must be optimized for the combined application. This inevitably leads to an influence on the performance of both systems. In this work, this influence is considered and analyzed with respect to the effects of the radio frequency components. For this purpose, our previously published code-division multiple access (CDMA)-based and vehicle-to-vehicle-focused model is extended to a JCRS model and evaluated according to the achieved bit error rate as well as the mean deviation of the detected distance and velocity in Simulink. The influence of the non-ideal hardware components (mixers, power amplifier, low noise amplifier, filter, antenna) and characteristics (S-parameters, non-linearity of the amplifiers and the noise) on the sensing and communications are analyzed and compared in this automotive context. The results reveal that the noise of the low noise amplifier at the receiver side has the most decisive influence. In contrast, the noise generated by the power amplifier at the transmitter has no effect due to the relatively high signal power. The non-linearity of amplifiers at the transmitter also significantly impacts the available sensing range by limiting and compressing signal power. Besides, the phase noise with a frequency offset higher than 10 MHz can increase the communications and sensing error rate. In contrast, the influence of S-parameters is negligible, as the performance of communications and sensing is almost unchanged with different S-parameters. In the future, the proposed single-target scene will be further extended to a multi-target one.INDEX TERMS CDMA, connected vehicles, joint communications and radar sensing, RF hardware characteristics, modeling, physical layer, PMCW, 77 GHz.

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Section: B Modellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating RF Hardware Characteristics for Automotive JCRS Systems Based on PMCW-CDMA at 77GHz

Lübke¹,

Su²,

Franchi³

2023

IEEE Access

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“…By the total gain of the protection, circuit can estimate the high-power signal before coming too close to our station and (switch off) disconnect the signal path to the receiver system. The order of switch-off is coming from the alarm electronic circuit which has a comparator circuit with a reference voltage to produce logic high (1) or low (0) to switch on or off, and this circuit can be set manually to select the value of high power which consider high-power signal and must be stopped to pass to the receiver. Therefore, we can consider the input signal with four different levels, as shown in Table 2.…”

Section: Protection Unitmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…RF hardware challenges for the applications of joint communication and radar sensing are studied. [1] The development of designing the frontend module has attracted in the recent years in modern communication and radar systems at X-band frequencies as a targeted this band due to its prospective opportunities for research related to new forthcoming applications, also it is consider a good candidate band for the detection of normal size objects in radar applications. [2][3][4] There are several approaches to combine a radar systems and communication systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of RF Frontend Unit to Avoid Intermodulation Using Arduino Uno

Mohammed

Almashhadani

Abdulfattah

2022

Cihan U Erbil SCI J

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Designing a Radio Frequency (RF) front end is vastly realized for determining the level of integration that is required in the signal chain inside the receivers to be idealistic. The receivers is susceptible to harmful intermodulation due to nonlinear RF front ends. In this paper, intermodulation distortion is avoided by a selective prototype hardware design of RF fort end which is connected with the Arduino Uno for controlling the power levels. The measurements are tested out as a result of injecting a signals within x-band frequencies and chosen different power levels are assumed. These measurements is revealed an accepted results for the intermodulation avoidance.

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“…Research on localization and sensing (here, sensing includes detection, angle, and delay estimation, as well as tracking of passive targets) considering HWIs is recently drawing attention. The effect of PN on automotive radar [23]- [25], MC on AOA estimation [26], IQI on mmWave localization [27], and PAN on joint radar-communication systems [28] have been studied. However, these works only consider one or two types of impairments and cannot provide a thorough analysis in real scenarios.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MCRB-based Performance Analysis of 6G Localization under Hardware Impairments

Chen

Aghdam

Keskin

et al. 2022

2022 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops (ICC Workshops)

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Localization (position and orientation estimation) is envisioned as a key enabler to satisfy the requirements of communication and context-aware services in the sixth generation (6G) communication systems. User localization can be achieved based on delay and angle estimation using uplink or downlink pilot signals. However, hardware impairments (HWIs) distort the signals at both the transmitter and receiver sides and thus affect the localization performance. While this impact can be ignored at lower frequencies where HWIs are less severe, and the localization requirements are not stringent, modeling and analysis efforts are needed for high-frequency 6G bands (e.g., sub-THz) to assess degradation in localization accuracy due to HWIs. In this work, we model various types of impairments for a sub-THz multiple-input-multiple-output communication system and conduct a misspecified Cramér-Rao bound analysis to evaluate HWI-induced performance losses in terms of angle/delay estimation and the resulting 3D position/orientation estimation error. Complementary to the localization analysis, we also investigate the effect of individual and overall HWIs on communication in terms of symbol error rate (SER). Our extensive simulation results demonstrate that each type of HWI leads to a different level of degradation in angle and delay estimation performance. The prominent factors on delay estimation (e.g., phase noise and carrier frequency offset) will have a dominant negative effect on SER, while the impairments affecting only the angle estimation (e.g., mutual coupling and antenna displacement) induce slight degradation in SER performance.

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RF Front-End Challenges for Joint Communication and Radar Sensing

Cited by 22 publications

References 36 publications

Evaluating RF Hardware Characteristics for Automotive JCRS Systems Based on PMCW-CDMA at 77GHz

Evaluating RF Hardware Characteristics for Automotive JCRS Systems Based on PMCW-CDMA at 77GHz

Design of RF Frontend Unit to Avoid Intermodulation Using Arduino Uno

MCRB-based Performance Analysis of 6G Localization under Hardware Impairments

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