Abstract. Riedel's thyroiditis is a rare form of chronic thyroiditis, characterised by a fibroinflammatory process that partially destroys the thyroid and often involves surrounding tissues. The relationship of Riedel's thyroiditis to other forms of thyroiditis is not clear. A case of Riedel's thyroiditis in a 51-year-old woman presenting with symptoms of subacute thyroiditis, is reported. She was diagnosed with subacute thyroiditis based on clinical manifestation and laboratory results. She was treated with glucocorticoids for six weeks, and then followed-up for 12 months. Three years later, she visited with tenderness and enlargement of thyroid mass, and laboratory and radiology findings suggested that she had a malignant thyroid tumor as well as subacute thyroiditis. After thyroidectomy, histopathologic findings showed that she had Riedel's thyroiditis in the presence of subacute thyroiditis. Until now, few cases of Riedel's thyroiditis in patients with a history of subacute thyroiditis have been reported in the literature. Although the etiology of Riedel's thyroiditis is unknown, it may develop in the course of subacute thyroiditis.
Case ReportA 51-year-old woman presented in our clinic with sudden onset of painful swelling in anterior neck. She had been treated for upper respiratory infection at another clinic 2 weeks prior to this visit. Her height was 156 cm, weight 61 kg, blood pressure 140/90 mmHg, pulse rate 106 per minute, respiration rate 18 per minute, and body temperature 37.1°C. Her thyroid was diffusely enlarged, quite firm, and tender. A fairly fixed nodule (2.0 × 1.0 cm) was palpated in the left thyroid gland. Abnormal laboratory findings included elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) of 61 mm/hr, and elevated serum T 3 of 209 ng/dL (normal, 84-157 ng/dL), elevated serum T 4 of 13.0 µg/dL (normal, 4.7-9.3 µg/dL), and a decreased TSH level of 0.1 µIU/mL (normal, 0.39-3.68 µIU/mL). Both anti-thyroperoxidase (anti-TPO) antibody and antithyroglobulin (anti-Tg) antibody were negative and anti-TSH receptor antibody was also negative. Thyroid radioiodine uptake ratio was 3.42% after 2 hours and 3.10% after 24 hours. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of the suspect thyroid nodule was negative, however, there was infiltration of lymphocytes and leukocytes, and several giant cells were observed.