Rising Rates of Colorectal Cancer among Younger Iranians: Is Diet to Blame?

Arani, Sujana; Kerachian, Mohammad Amin

doi:10.3747/co.23.3226

Cited by 35 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…While studies have shown that the prevalence of smoking and alcohol consumption 21 have been on the increase in Iran, a rising prevalence of sedentary lifestyles and westernized diet in the country, including a diet rich in fat and meat, and low in cereals and fiber, may contribute to an increasing burden due to changes in risk. 22,23 The greatest increase in incidence of cancers in Iran will occur for TC. By 2025, a doubling of the number of new cases of TC in Iran is predicted to occur, mainly due to changes in risk.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cancer in Iran 2008 to 2025: Recent incidence trends and short‐term predictions of the future burden

Roshandel

Ferlay

Ghanbari-Motlagh

et al. 2021

Intl Journal of Cancer

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Policymakers require estimates of the future number of cancer patients in order to allocate finite resources to cancer prevention, treatment and palliative care. We examine recent cancer incidence trends in Iran and present predicted incidence rates and new cases for the entire country for the year 2025. We developed a method for approximating population‐based incidence from the pathology‐based data series available nationally for the years 2008 to 2013, and augmented this with data from the Iranian National Population‐based Cancer Registry (INPCR) for the years 2014 to 2016. We fitted time‐linear age‐period models to the recent incidence trends to quantify the future cancer incidence burden to the year 2025, delineating the contribution of changes due to risk and those due to demographic change. The number of new cancer cases is predicted to increase in Iran from 112 000 recorded cases in 2016 to an estimated 160 000 in 2025, a 42.6% increase, of which 13.9% and 28.7% were attributed to changes in risk and population structure, respectively. In terms of specific cancers, the greatest increases in cases are predicted for thyroid (113.8%), prostate (66.7%), female breast (63.0%) and colorectal cancer (54.1%). Breast, colorectal and stomach cancers were the most common cancers in Iran in 2016 and are predicted to remain the leading cancers nationally in 2025. The increasing trends in incidence of most common cancers in Iran reinforce the need for the tailored design and implementation of effective national cancer control programs across the country.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cancer in Iran 2008 to 2025: Recent incidence trends and short‐term predictions of the future burden

Roshandel

Ferlay

Ghanbari-Motlagh

et al. 2021

Intl Journal of Cancer

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“…Korea, the country with the highest rise in early-onset CRC incidence over that span, also saw a sharp rise in CRC incidence for adults older than 50, which was possibly due to a more abrupt adoption of a Westernized diet over the past several decades [ 5 ]. Similar to Korea, other Asian and Middle Eastern countries have experienced a rise in CRC across all age groups, but with younger-age individuals constituting a larger and rising proportion of those at risk for CRC [ 24 , 25 ]. In East Asia, young-onset male rectal cancer in particular appears to be on the rise, as observed from 20 year data from Korea, Japan, Taiwan, and Hong Kong [ 26 ].…”

Section: Early-onset Crc Epidemiology and Disparitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disparities in Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer

Muller

Ihionkhan

Stoffel

et al. 2021

Cells

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The incidence and mortality of early-onset colorectal cancer (CRC) are increasing in the United States (US) and worldwide. In the US, there are notable disparities in early-onset CRC burden by race/ethnicity and geography. African Americans, Hispanic/Latinos, and populations residing in specific regions of the Southern U.S. are disproportionately affected with CRC diagnosed at younger ages, while less is known about disparities in other countries. Reasons for these disparities are likely multi-factorial and potentially implicate differences in health determinants including biology/genetics, diet/environment, individual health behaviors, and access to high-quality health services, as well as social and policy factors. This review summarizes current understanding of early-onset CRC disparities and identifies specific research areas that will inform evidence-based interventions at individual, practice, and policy levels to reduce the global burden of this disease.

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“…Cancer is one of the life threatening diseases responsible for high mortality all over the world. Colon cancer is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths across the globe [ 31 ]. Recent studies done in Iraq showed an escalating rise in the incidence of colorectal cancer [ 32 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-Enterococcus Faecalis, Cytotoxicity, Phytotoxicity, and Anticancer Studies on Clausena excavata Burum. f. (Rutaceae) Leaves

Albaayit

Maharjan

Abdullah

et al. 2021

BioMed Research International

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Background. Clausena excavata Burum. f. has long been applied in ethnomedicine for the treatment of various disorders like rhinitis, headache, cough, wound healing, fever, and detoxification. This study is aimed at investigating the antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 49532 using AlamarBlue assay and atomic force microscopy (AFM) as well as the cytotoxicity, anticancer, and phytotoxicity of C. excavata. Method. Bacterial cell viability was performed by using microplate AlamarBlue assay. Atomic force microscopy was used to determine morphological changes in the surface of bacterial cells. Cytotoxicity and phytotoxicity were determined by brine shrimp lethality and Lemna minor bioassay. Caco-2 (colorectal adenocarcinoma) cell line was used for the evaluation of the anticancer effects. Result. Among the fractions tested, ethyl acetate (EA) fraction was found to be active with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 750 μg/mL against E. faecalis, but other fractions were found to be insensitive to bacterial growth. Microscopically, the EA fraction-treated bacteria showed highly damaged cells with their cytoplasmic content scattered all over. The L C 50 value of the EA fraction against brine shrimp was more than 1000 μg/mL showing the nontoxic nature of this fraction. Chloroform (CH), EA, and methanol (MOH) fractions of C. excavata were highly herbicidal at the concentration of 1000 μg/mL. EA inhibited Caco-2 cell line with an I C 50 of 20 μg/mL. Conclusions. This study is the first to reveal anti-E. faecalis property of EA fraction of C. excavata leaves, natural herbicidal, and anticancer agents thus highlight the potential compound present in its leaf which needs to be isolated and tested against multidrug-resistant E. faecalis.

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Rising Rates of Colorectal Cancer among Younger Iranians: Is Diet to Blame?

Cited by 35 publications

References 54 publications

Cancer in Iran 2008 to 2025: Recent incidence trends and short‐term predictions of the future burden

Cancer in Iran 2008 to 2025: Recent incidence trends and short‐term predictions of the future burden

Disparities in Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer

Anti-Enterococcus Faecalis, Cytotoxicity, Phytotoxicity, and Anticancer Studies on Clausena excavata Burum. f. (Rutaceae) Leaves

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