Risk factors for cognitive dysfunction in CKD and hypertensive subjects

Abstract

In every CKD stage, the risk of CO/DY increased significantly. Low Hb levels (Hb <11 g/dl) and increased serum PTH levels were associated with CO/DY while DM plays also a significant role in cognitive function deterioration. Among hypertensive subjects, those with PP ≤60 mmHg or receiving CCBs showed a better executive function.

Chronic kidney disease‐related physical frailty and cognitive impairment: a systemic review

“…Anemia can partially explain why the prevalence of cognitive impairment was higher among those with lower eGFRs, independent of the traditional vascular risk factors. Among older adults, anemia was associated with an increased risk of developing dementia . However, within a large sample of 19,701 participants, there was no significant association between the hemoglobin concentrations and cognitive impairment after multivariate adjustments .…”

“…Among older adults, anemia was associated with an increased risk of developing dementia. 69,70 However, within a large sample of 19,701 participants, there was no significant association between the hemoglobin concentrations and cognitive impairment after multivariate adjustments. 71 The mechanisms of chronic anemia-induced CI might include subclinical cerebral ischemia, particularly in the setting of pre-existing cerebrovascular disease.…”

“…95 Various uremic toxins, such as uric acid and PTH, were most likely to affect the dysfunction in the cerebro-renal interaction. 70 The accumulation of Uts may result in both neuronal injury and cause cerebral endothelial dysfunction and, in turn, cognitive disorders in CKD. 96,97 HD was accompanied with a more severe cognitive dysfunction and metabolic alternations than CKD alone.…”

Screening of Cognitive Impairment in the Dialysis Population: A Scoping Review

“…There were 46 studies meeting the inclusion criteria for final analysis [10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55]. An overview of the reviewed articles is presented in Table 2.…”

Arterial damage and cognitive impairment in patients with chronic kidney disease

“…Indeed, in our previous study including hypertensive and CKD patients less than 65 years of age, in every CKD stage the risk of cognitive dysfunction increased more than twofold. 2 Furthermore, age and hypertension by itself were significantly associated with cognitive decline. 2 It is now clear that CKD is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease.…”