Risk Factors for Perinatal Asphyxia in Newborns Delivered at Term

Abstract

Perinatal asphyxia is defined as harm to the fetus or the newborn caused by hypoxia and/or ischemia of various organs with intensity to produce biochemical and/or functional changes. Understanding the risk factors for this clinical condition allows the identification of vulnerable groups, enabling an improvement in care planning in the perinatal period in neonatal intensive care units. In this sense, this research aimed to identify risk factors for perinatal asphyxia present in newborns term that showed record for this clinical condition. This was a cross-sectional, retrospective documentary, quantitative and descriptive, conducted from data from medical records of 55 infants admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit. As for maternal characteristics (78.0%) had between 16 and 35 years, only one child (53.0%) and (76.0%) had no prior history of miscarriage. As for pre-existing diseases or pregnancy (38.0%) developed by Hypertensive Pregnancy Specific disease (02.0%) were suffering from Hypertension and (02.0%) of Diabetes Mellitus. As for newborns, most infants had birth weight (43.6%) and correlation with gestational age (78.2%) compatible for good conditions of birth. Only (20.0%) of the infants had a difficult labor. It stood out although there was a slight predominance of severe asphyxia (50.9%) in the first minute and (45.5%) of the infants had record release intrauterine meconium. It was concluded that most mothers and newborns did not have risk factors for perinatal asphyxia, thus, this fact could be attributed to the structural conditions of service, especially in the care during labor, delivery and immediate assistance newborn.

Asphyxia and the Occurrences of Perinatal Death in Anutapura General Hospital of Palu in 2018

“…Similar results were also expressed through the results using the observational study method which said that of 184 infants who experienced perinatal death, it was found that 13.04% of perinatal deaths were caused by asphyxia neonatorum. Asphyxia also accounted for 34% of perinatal deaths compared to those without asphyxia neonatorum [6]. This is in line with the research which stated that there was a significant relationship between asphyxia and neonatal death, namely infants with asphyxia will be 7.85 times more likely to experience neonatal death compared to those without asphyxia.…”

Perinatal Asphyxia: Factors Associated with Noncompliance in the specialized Outpatient Treatment

“…The mortality rate of the sample, as well as the percentage of children presenting neurological sequelae was lower than that reported by other studies. Surveys have indicated a rate of mortality and permanent neurological sequelae as well superior to our findings 11,23,24 .…”

Neonatal asphyxia and associated factors among neonates on labor ward at debre-tabor general hospital, Debre Tabor Town, South Gonder, North Centeral Ethiopia

“…This finding is in line with study conducted in Brazil which examined prevalence of prenatal asphyxia in a reference maternity. 8 This study also reveal that neonate delivered by using C/S and instruments were 3.23 and 3.06 times more likely develop birth asphyxia as compared with vaginal delivery. This find confront with study in which the perinatal asphyxia had more frequently in vaginal deliveries.…”

“…The finding is concurrent with study conducted in Brazil on risk factor associated with asphyxia. 8 Neonate who was born with gestational age of < 37week and > 42 week were 3.81 and 6.667 time more likely develop birth asphyxia as compared to neonate with gestational age within 37-42 week. Neonates who were born with cord presentation was 4.135 more likely develops birth asphyxia as with non-cord presentation.…”