Risk Factors of Anencephaly: A Case–Control Study in Dessie Town, North East Ethiopia

Abebe, Melese Shenkut; Afework, Mekbeb; Emamu, Bahru; Teshome, Demissie

doi:10.2147/phmt.s332561

Cited by 9 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Though the causes of NTD are multifactorial, this study provides evidence of the risk factors for NTD. In line with this nding, the previous study conducted in the Amhara region, Dessie town also showed khat chewing as a positive determinant of NTD [19]. Khat contains proactive alkaloid compounds like cathinone, cathine, cathidine, and norephedrine, which could interfere with fetal organ development.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

“…Khat contains proactive alkaloid compounds like cathinone, cathine, cathidine, and norephedrine, which could interfere with fetal organ development. Yet, there is evidence suggesting Khat could interfere with early embryonic development; the mechanism by which it could interrupt neural tube closure is not clear [19,20]. Because khat plantation is the most common practice in southwest Ethiopia, it provides a clue for public health experts to investigate the existing health consequences of chewing khat [19,21].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Determinants of Neural Tube Defect Among Newborns Admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Units of Teaching Hospitals in Gedeo Zone and Sidama Region, Southern Ethiopia; A Case Control Study

Getnet

Figa

Gido

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background: A neural tube defect is a form of congenital malformation that can occur in the early embryonic period and result in child morbidity and mortality. Little emphasis is given to congenital anomalies, especially neural tube defects, which are significant causes of child death. Ethiopia is one of the countries with a high estimated prevalence of neural tube defects. So, identifying factors contributing to it would be significant for planning risk reduction and preventive strategies. Therefore this study aimed to identify determinants of neural tube defects among neonates admitted to neonatal intensive care units. Methods: A hospital-based, unmatched case control study was conducted on 104 cases and 208 controls selected from neonatal intensive care units of teaching hospitals in Gedeo Zone and Sidama Region, southern Ethiopia. All neural tube defect cases admitted at the time of the data collection period were included, and controls were selected using a simple random sampling method. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 25. Binary logistic regression was used, and variables with a P value less than 0.25 in bivariate analysis were entered into the multivariable logistic regression model. An adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval was estimated, and finally, variables that show a level of P value less than 0.05 in multivariable analysis were declared statistically significant. Result; after controlling confounders, factors like unplanned pregnancy 2.20(1.20- 4.041), history of abortions 2.09(1.19-3.67), khat chewing 6.67(2.95-15.06), antipyretic and analgesic medications 2.87(1.47-5.56) and, being a female neonate 2.11(1.21-3.67) were significantly associated with a neural tube defect. Conclusion: In this study, different determinants were identified and linked with neural tube defects .hence, the behavioral, medical, and obstetrical conditions of mothers need serious evaluation in the pre-pregnancy period. So it is highly recommended to improve preconception counseling and prenatal care practices, which could reduce the risk of neural tube defects.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of Neural Tube Defect Among Newborns Admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Units of Teaching Hospitals in Gedeo Zone and Sidama Region, Southern Ethiopia; A Case Control Study

Getnet

Figa

Gido

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In line with this finding, the previous study conducted in the Amhara region, Dessie town also showed khat chewing as a positive determinant of NTD. 27 Khat contains proactive alkaloid compounds such as cathinone, cathine, cathidine and norephedrine, which could interfere with fetal organ development. Yet, there is evidence suggesting khat could interfere with early embryonic development; the mechanism by which it could interrupt neural tube closure is not clear.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Yet, there is evidence suggesting khat could interfere with early embryonic development; the mechanism by which it could interrupt neural tube closure is not clear. 27 28 Because khat plantation is the most common practice in southwest Ethiopia, it provides a clue for public health experts to investigate the existing health consequences of chewing khat. 27 29 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of neural tube defect among newborns admitted to neonatal intensive care units of teaching hospitals in Gedeo Zone and Sidama Region, Southern Ethiopia: a case–control study

Zemeskel,

Figa,

Gido

et al. 2024

bmjpo

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BackgroundNeural tube defects are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality that can occur in the early pregnancy periods. Though the burden is high, it gains only limited attention. In Ethiopia, the estimated number of neural tube defect cases was significantly higher. So, identifying factors contributing to it would be significant for planning risk reduction and preventive strategies. Therefore, identifying the possible determinants was aimed at this study.MethodsA hospital-based, unmatched case–control study was conducted on 104 cases and 208 controls selected from neonatal intensive care units of teaching hospitals in Gedeo Zone and Sidama Region, southern Ethiopia from December 2021 to November 2022. All neural tube defect cases were included consecutively and controls were selected by using a simple random sampling method. Data were collected using interviewer-administered semistructured questionnaires. Data analysis was done by using SPSS V.25. Binary logistic regression was used, and variables with a p value less than 0.25 in bivariate analysis were entered into the multivariable logistic regression model. An adjusted OR with a 95% CI was estimated, and finally, variables that show a level of p value less than 0.05 in multivariable analysis were declared statistically significant.ResultAfter controlling confounders, factors such as unplanned pregnancy 2.20 (95% CI 1.20 to 4.041), history of abortions 2.09 (95% CI 1.19 to 3.67), khat chewing 6.67 (95% CI 2.95 to 15.06), antipyretic and analgesic medications 2.87 (95% CI 1.47 to 5.56) and, being a female neonate 2.11 (95% CI 1.21 to 3.67) were significantly associated with a neural tube defect.ConclusionThis study has identified some determinants of neural tube defects. Hence, the behavioural, medical and obstetrical conditions of mothers need serious evaluation in the prepregnancy period. So, improving preconception counselling and prenatal care practices would have a significant role in reducing the risk of neural tube defects.

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“…4 Generally, multiple factors, such as alcohol consumption, drug use, radiation or chemical exposure, and lack of folic acid supplementation during pregnancy, as well as family history, are reported risk factors for the development of congenital anomalies. 5,6 Specific to conjoined twins, the exact etiology has not been discovered yet. However, in many literatures, 2,7,8 the theory of fusion (the two identical twins united together at some specific site) and the theory of fission (no complete division of the embryo) are mentioned to explain the embryologic basis of conjoined twinning.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Case of Ischiopagus Dicephalus Conjoined Twins with Tetrabrachius Bipus from Dessie, Ethiopia

Alene¹,

Abebe²

2022

IMCRJ

Self Cite

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The development of conjoined twins always catches the eyes of researchers and clinicians. Beyond the rareness of the cases, how they develop is a debatable issue. This report presented a case of ischiopagus conjoined twins who had two heads (dicephalus), four upper extremities (tetrabrachius), and were joined below the chest with two lower extremities (bipus). The twin's mother was referred from a primary hospital to Dessie Comprehensive Specialized Hospital for proper management of twin pregnancy, where a cesarean section was performed. The mother and her husband have no family history of birth defects or exposure to known teratogens. On imaging, the twins had separate hearts, lungs, and kidneys but a single liver, spleen, stomach, and intestine. They also shared genitourinary structures: a single penis with sub-coronal hypospadias and one imperforate anus. In addition, their placenta was single with one umbilical vein and two umbilical arteries. The conjoined twins had multiple accompanying cardiovascular anomalies but no external craniofacial, extremity, or brain anomalies. They passed away after 36 hours of follow-up in the neonatal intensive care unit at Dessie Comprehensive Specialized Hospital.

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Risk Factors of Anencephaly: A Case–Control Study in Dessie Town, North East Ethiopia

Cited by 9 publications

References 30 publications

Determinants of Neural Tube Defect Among Newborns Admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Units of Teaching Hospitals in Gedeo Zone and Sidama Region, Southern Ethiopia; A Case Control Study

Determinants of Neural Tube Defect Among Newborns Admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Units of Teaching Hospitals in Gedeo Zone and Sidama Region, Southern Ethiopia; A Case Control Study

Determinants of neural tube defect among newborns admitted to neonatal intensive care units of teaching hospitals in Gedeo Zone and Sidama Region, Southern Ethiopia: a case–control study

A Case of Ischiopagus Dicephalus Conjoined Twins with Tetrabrachius Bipus from Dessie, Ethiopia

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