RNA silencing and antiviral defense in plants

Wang, Ming-Bo; Metzlaff, Michael

doi:10.1016/j.pbi.2005.01.006

Cited by 159 publications

(101 citation statements)

References 117 publications

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“…viruses that is based on posttranscriptional RNA silencing (1)(2)(3)(4). RNA silencing induced by transcripts of sense transgenes and viral DNA genomes is thought to involve conversion of single-stranded (ss) RNA species into double-stranded (ds) RNA by RDR6, with the help of SGS3 (5-7).…”

Section: P Lants Have Evolved An Innate Immune Response To Invadingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction with host SGS3 is required for suppression of RNA silencing by tomato yellow leaf curl virus V2 protein

Glick

Zrachya

Levy

et al. 2008

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

276

202

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The V2 protein of tomato yellow leaf curl geminivirus (TYLCV) functions as an RNA-silencing suppressor that counteracts the innate immune response of the host plant. The host-cell target of V2, however, remains unknown. Here we show that V2 interacts directly with SlSGS3, the tomato homolog of the Arabidopsis SGS3 protein (AtSGS3), which is known to be involved in the RNA-silencing pathway. SlSGS3 genetically complemented an AtSGS3 mutation and restored RNA silencing, indicating that SlSGS3 is indeed a functional homolog of AtSGS3. A point mutant of V2 that is unable to bind SlSGS3 also lost its ability to suppress RNA silencing, suggesting a correlation between the V2–SlSGS3 interaction in planta and the suppressor activity of V2.

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Section: P Lants Have Evolved An Innate Immune Response To Invadingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction with host SGS3 is required for suppression of RNA silencing by tomato yellow leaf curl virus V2 protein

Glick

Zrachya

Levy

et al. 2008

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

276

202

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“…This possibility is consistent with our results that show that increased levels of Y-Sat smRNAs occur in HC-Pro ϩ plants. The amplification of viral smRNAs by RNAdependent RNA polymerases could make the infected cells resistant to repeated viral infections, which would minimize damage to the host and thereby increase the viability of the virus itself (33). Similarly, by not preventing the modification of endogenous smRNA, HC-Pro would ensure that no permanent damage occurs to endogenous smRNA function, thereby minimizing the effect of viral infection on host development.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extensive 3′ modification of plant small RNAs is modulated by helper component-proteinase expression

Ebhardt

Thi

Wang

et al. 2005

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

Self Cite

137

109

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RNA silencing ͉ silencing suppressor ͉ cucumber mosaic virus ͉ Y-satellite P lants have three overlapping but distinct RNA silencing pathways that involve small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) and micro RNAs (miRNAs) (1). In the siRNA-related pathways, perfectly complementary dsRNAs are cleaved into siRNAs having two distinct size classes, 21-22 and 24 nt, by RNase III-type Dicer enzymes (2). These siRNAs are then incorporated into RNAinduced silencing complexes (RISCs) that guide the specific degradation of RNA in the cytoplasm (and possibly the nucleus) and͞or cytosine methylation of DNA in the nucleus (1, 3, 4). miRNAs are predominately 21-22 nt in length and are formed by the Dicer-mediated cleavage of hairpin-structured RNAs (5, 6). Both siRNAs and miRNAs play important roles in the control of spatial and temporal expression of key regulatory genes and can act through RISC-mediated mRNA cleavage (6, 7). The different pathways leading to the biogenesis of siRNAs and miRNAs in plants involve multiple protein factors that include the Dicer-like proteins (7, 8) and RNA-dependent RNA polymerases (9). A recent study has revealed that the 3Ј-terminal nucleotides of miRNAs in plants are methylated at their 2Ј or 3Ј hydroxyls by HEN1 (10), a protein previously shown to be required for the accumulation of miRNAs and sense transgene-derived siRNAs in Arabidopsis (11). It remains unclear, however, whether siRNAs are also methylated in plants, because HEN1 fails to methylate perfectly complementary duplex siRNAs in vitro (10).RNA silencing, and the siRNA pathway in particular, is a natural antiviral defense mechanism in plants (12). Consequently, many plant viruses encode proteins that can suppress RNA silencing by a variety of mechanisms. These silencing suppressors have become important tools in the elucidation of RNA silencing pathways in plants because they act differentially on the silencing machinery.

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“…In addition, some viruses express proteins that are silencing suppressor (Vanitharani et al, 2003;Moissiard and Voinnet, 2004;Bisaro, 2006;Sharma et al, 2010) which could undermine PTGSbased resistance. Such ''anti-silencing'' determinants include the transcription activator proteins (TrAPs) of African cassava mosaic virus (ACMV) (Voinnet et al, 2005), tomato yellow leaf curl China virus (TYLCCNV) (Van Wezel et al, 2002), the AC4/C4 genes of Sri Lankan cassava mosaic virus (SLCMV) , Indian cassava mosaic virus (ICMV) , MYMV (Trinks et al, 2005), and TGMV (Wang et al, 2005); and Bhendi yellow vein mosaic virus (BYVMD) (Gopal et al, 2006); the V2 of TYLCV (Zrachya et al, 2007) and the bC1 gene encoded by a satellite DNA molecule associated with many monopartite begomo viruses including tomato leaf curl Java virus (TLCJV) and bhendi yellow vein mosaic disease (BYVMD) (Gopal et al, 2006;Kon et al, 2007).…”

Section: Rnai (Rna Interference) Mediated Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Banana bunchy top disease (BBTD) symptom expression in banana and strategies for transgenic resistance: A review

Elayabalan

Subramaniam

Selvarajan

2015

Emir. J. Food Agric

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Bananas are one among the world's leading food crops after rice, wheat and maize. Banana cultivation is affected by various diseases. Among them, in globally banana bunchy top disease (BBTD) caused by the banana bunchy top virus (BBTV) and Fusarium wilt caused by the Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense are the most serious diseases. BBTV is an isometric virus with a circular single stranded DNA (ssDNA) genome consisting of at least six components, BBTV DNA-1 to 6. The virus is transmitted by the banana aphid (Pentalonia nigronervosa). In this review paper, we are discussing the global status of BBTD, symptom expression in both vegetative and reproductive stage, resistant strategy and recent BBTV resistant banana clones development.

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RNA silencing and antiviral defense in plants

Cited by 159 publications

References 117 publications

Interaction with host SGS3 is required for suppression of RNA silencing by tomato yellow leaf curl virus V2 protein

Interaction with host SGS3 is required for suppression of RNA silencing by tomato yellow leaf curl virus V2 protein

Extensive 3′ modification of plant small RNAs is modulated by helper component-proteinase expression

Banana bunchy top disease (BBTD) symptom expression in banana and strategies for transgenic resistance: A review

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